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import urllib
from textblob import TextBlob
import nltk
nltk.download('punkt')
url = 'https://gist.github.com/VedantMadane/88624103ad2b1a9ce46cfb5057a8d117/raw/0dfc4ffe67a0634aad34dec8bca3244ea93daf8e/book.txt'
text = urllib.request.urlopen(url).read().decode('utf8','ignore')
blob = TextBlob(text)
for sentence in blob.sentences:
print(sentence,sentence.sentiment.polarity)Streaming output truncated to the last 5000 lines.
Rishi, all the persons there assembled, as also king Dhritarashtra,
became greatly cheered and highly pleased. 0.5499999999999999
Having cheered Dhritarashtra
of great wisdom with such talk, they left the spot, wending away by the
path that belongs to those who are crowned with success."' 0.275
SECTION XXI
" Vaisampayana said, 'Upon the retirement of the chief of the Kurus into
the forest, the Pandavas, O king, afflicted besides by grief on account
of their mother, became very cheerless. -0.30000000000000004
The citizens also of Hastinapura
were possessed by deep sorrow. 0.0
The Brahmanas always talked of the old
king. 0.1
'How, indeed, will the king, who has become old, live in the
solitary woods? 0.11818181818181818
How will the highly blessed Gandhari, and Pritha, the
daughter of Kuntibhoja, live there? 0.1481818181818182
The royal sage has always lived in
the enjoyment of every comfort. 0.0
He will certainly be very miserable. -1.0
Arrived in deep woods, what is now the condition of that personage of
royal descent, who is, again, bereft of vision? 0.0
Difficult is the feat
that Kunti has achieved by separating herself from her sons. -0.5
Alas casting
off kingly prosperity, she chose a life in the woods. -0.4
What, again, is the
condition of Vidura who is always devoted to the service of his elder
brother? 0.0
How also is the intelligent son of Gavalgani who is so faithful
to the food given him by his master? 0.8
Verily, the citizens, including
those of even nonage meeting together, asked one another these questions. 0.0
The Pandavas also, exceedingly afflicted with grief, sorrowed for their
old mother, and could not live in their city long, Thinking also of their
old sire, the king, who had lost all his children, and the highly blessed
Gandhari, and Vidura of great intelligence, they failed to enjoy peace of
mind. 0.015757575757575748
They had no pleasure in sovereignty, nor in women, nor in the study
of the Vedas. 0.0
Despair penetrated their souls as they thought of the old
king and as they repeatedly reflected on that terrible slaughter of
kinsmen. -0.45
Indeed, thinking of the slaughter of the youthful Abhimanyu on
the field of battle, of the mighty-armed Karna who never retreated from
the fray, of the sons of Draupadi, and of other friends of theirs, those
heroes became exceedingly cheerless. -0.125
They failed to obtain peace or mind
upon repeatedly reflecting that the Earth had become divested of both her
heroes and her wealth. -0.5
Draupadi had lost all her children, and the
beautiful Subhadra also had become childless. 0.85
They too were of cheerless
hearts and grieved exceedingly. 0.0
Beholding, however, the son of Virata's
daughter, viz., thy sire Parikshit, thy grandsires somehow held their
life-breaths.' 0.0
SECTION XXII
"Vaisampayana said, 'Those foremost of men, the heroic Pandavas,--those
delighters of their mother--became exceedingly afflicted with grief. -0.050000000000000044
They
who had formerly been always engaged in kingly offices, did not at that
time attend to those acts at all in their capital. 0.0
Afflicted with deep
grief, they failed to derive pleasure from anything. -0.43333333333333335
If any body accosted
them, they never honoured him with an answer. 0.0
Although those irresistible
heroes were in gravity like the ocean, yet they were now deprived of
their knowledge and their very senses by the grief they felt. -0.30000000000000004
Thinking of
their mother, the sons of Pandu were filled with anxiety as to how their
emaciated mother was serving the old couple. 0.25
'How, indeed, is that king,
whose sons have all been slain and who is without refuge, living alone,
with only his wife, in the woods that are the haunt of beasts of prey? 0.0
Alas, how does that highly blessed queen, Gandhari, whose dear ones have
all been slain, follow her blind lord in the solitary woods?' -0.24666666666666667
--Even such
was the anxiety manifested by the Pandavas when they talked with one
another. 0.0
They then set their hearts upon seeing the king in his forest
retreat. 0.0
Then Sahadeva, bowing down to the king, said, 'I see thy heart
to be set upon seeing our sire. -0.15555555555555559
From my respect for thee, however, I
could not speedily open my mouth on the subject of our journey to the
woods. -0.08333333333333333
The time for that sojourn is now come. 0.0
By good luck I shall see
Kunti living in the observance of penances, with matted locks on her
head, practising severe austerities, and emaciated with sleeping on
blades of Kusa and Kasa. 0.7
She was brought up in palaces and mansions, and
nursed in every comfort and luxury. 0.0
Alas, when shall I see my mother who
is now toil-worn and plunged into exceeding misery? -0.4
Without doubt, O
chief of Bharata's race, the ends of mortals are exceedingly uncertain,
since Kunti, who is a princess by birth, is now living in misery in the
woods.' 0.0
Hearing these words of Sahadeva, queen Draupadi, that foremost of
all women duly honouring the king said, with proper salutations,--Alas,
when shall I see queen Pritha, if, indeed, she be yet alive. 0.05
I shall
consider my life as not passed in vain if I succeed in beholding her once
more, O king. 0.5
Let this sort of understanding be ever stable in thee. 0.0
Let
thy mind always take a pleasure in such righteousness as is involved, O
king of kings, in thy desire of bestowing such a high boon on us. 0.05333333333333334
Know, O
king, that all these ladies of thy house are staying with their feet
raised for the journey, from desire of beholding Kunti, and Gandhari, and
my father-in-law. 0.0
Thus addressed by queen Draupadi, the king, O chief of
Bharata's race, summoned all the leaders of his forces to his presence
and told them,--'Cause my army, teeming with cars and elephants, to march
out. 0.0
I shall behold king Dhritarashtra who is now living in the woods.' 0.0
Unto those that supervised the concerns of the ladies, the king gave the
order, 'Let diverse kinds of conveyances be properly equipt, and all my
closed litters that count by thousands. -0.05
Let carriages and granaries, and
wardrobes, and treasuries, be equipt and ordered out, and let mechanics
have the command to march out. 0.0
Let men in charge of treasuries go out on
the way leading to the ascetic retreats on Kurukshetra. -0.5
Whoever amongst
the citizens wishes to see the king is allowed to do so without any
restriction. 0.0
Let him proceed, properly protected. 0.0
Let cooks and
superintendents of kitchens, and the whole culinary establishment, and
diverse kinds of edibles and viands, be ordered to be borne out on carts
and conveyances. 0.1
Let it be proclaimed that we march out tomorrow. 0.0
Indeed,
let no delay occur (in carrying out the arrangements). 0.0
Let pavilions and
resting houses of diverse kinds be erected on the way.' 0.0
Even these were
the commands which the eldest son of Pandu gave, with his brothers. 0.0
When
morning came, O monarch, the king set out, with a large train of women
and old men. 0.15714285714285714
Going out of his city, king Yudhishthira waited five days
for such citizens as might accompany him, and then proceeded towards the
forest."' 0.0
SECTION XXIII
"Vaisampayana said. 0.0
'That foremost one of Bharata's race, then ordered
his troops, which were protected by heroes that were headed by Arjuna and
that resembled the very guardians of the universe, to march out. 0.2
Instantly, a loud clamour arose consisting of the words--Equip,
Equip!--of horse-men, O Bharata, engaged in equipping and their steeds. 0.1
Some proceeded on carriages and vehicles, some on horses of great speed,
and some on cars made of gold endued with the splendour of blazing fires. 0.8
Some proceeded on mighty elephants, and some on camels, O king. 0.4
Some
proceeded on foot, that belonged to that class of combatants which is
armed with tiger-like claws. 0.0
[38] The citizens and inhabitants of the
provinces, desirous of seeing Dhritarashtra, followed the king on diverse
kinds of conveyances. 0.0
The preceptor Kripa also, of Gotama's race, that
great leader of forces, taking all the forces with him, proceeded, at the
command of the king, towards the old monarch's retreat. 0.45
The Kuru king
Yudhishthira, that perpetuator of Kuru's race, surrounded by a large
number of Brahmanas, his praises sung by a large band of Sutas and
Magadhas and bards, and with a white umbrella held over his head and
encompassed around by a large number of cars, set out on his journey. 0.1607142857142857
Vrikodara, the son of the Wind-god, proceeded on an elephant as gigantic
as a hill, equipt with strung bow and machines and weapons of attack and
defence. 0.0
The twin sons of Madri proceeded on two fleet steeds, well cased
in mail, well protected, and equipt with banners. 0.0
Arjuna of mighty
energy, with senses under control, proceeded on an excellent car endued
with solar effulgence and unto which were equipt excellent steeds of
white hue. 0.6
The ladies of the royal household, headed by Draupadi,
proceeded in closed litters protected by the superintendents of women. -0.1
They scattered copious showers of wealth as they proceeded. 0.0
Teeming with
cars and elephants and steeds, and echoing with the blare of trumpets and
the music of Vinas, the Pandava host, O monarch, blazed with great
beauty. 0.8
Those chiefs of Kuru's race proceeded slowly, resting by
delightful banks of rivers and lakes, O monarch. 0.35
Yuyutsu of mighty
energy, and Dhaumya, the priest at the command of Yudhishthira, were
engaged in protecting the city. 0.4
By slow marches, king Yudhishthira
reached Kurukshetra, and then, crossing the Yamuna, that highly sacred
river, he beheld from a distance the retreat, O thou of Kuru's race, of
the royal sage of great wisdom and of Dhritarashtra. 0.22
Then all the men
became filled with joy and quickly entered the forest, filling it with
loud sounds of glee, O chief of Bharata's race."' 0.4083333333333334
SECTION XXIV
"Vaisampayana said, 'The Pandavas alighted, at a distance, from their
cars and proceeded on foot to the retreat of the king, bending themselves
in humility. 0.0
All the combatants also, and all the denizens of the
kingdom, and the spouses of the Kuru chiefs, followed them on foot. 0.0
The
Pandavas then reached the sacred retreat of Dhritarashtra which abounded
with herds of deer and which was adorned with plantain plants. 0.0
Many
ascetics of rigid vows, filled with curiosity, came there for beholding
the Pandavas who had arrived at the retreat. 0.45
The king, with tears in his
eyes, asked them, saying,--'Where has my eldest sire, the perpetuator of
Kuru's race, gone?' 0.0
They answered, O monarch, telling him that he had
gone to the Yamuna for his ablutions, as also for fetching flowers and
waters. 0.0
Proceeding quickly on foot along the path pointed out by them,
the Pandavas beheld all of them from a distance. 0.3333333333333333
Desirous of meeting with
their sire they walked with a rapid pace. 0.0
Then Sahadeva ran with speed
towards the spot where Pritha was. 0.0
Touching the feet of his mother, he
began to weep aloud. 0.5
With tears gushing down her cheeks, she saw her
darling child. -0.15555555555555559
Raising her son up and embracing him with her arms, she
informed Gandhari of Sahadeva's arrival. 0.0
Then seeing the king and
Bhimasena and Arjuna, and Nakula, Pritha endeavoured to advance quickly
towards them. 0.3333333333333333
She was walking in advance of the childless old couple, and
was dragging them forward. 0.1
The Pandavas, beholding her, fell down on the
earth. -0.15555555555555559
The puissant and high-souled monarch, endued with great
intelligence, recognising them by their voices and also by touch,
comforted them one after another. 0.8
Shedding tears, those high-souled
princes, with due formalities, approached the old king and Gandhari, as
also their own mother. 0.19166666666666665
Indeed, regaining their senses, and once more
comforted by their mother, the Pandavas took away from the king and their
aunt and mother the jars full of water which they had been carrying,
forbearing them themselves. 0.425
The ladies of those lions among men, and all
the women of the royal household, as also all the inhabitants of the city
and provinces, then beheld the old king. 0.1
King Yudhishthira presented all
those individuals one after another to the old king, repeating their
names and races, and then himself worshipped his eldest sire with
reverence. 0.1
Surrounded by them all, the old monarch, with eyes bathed in
tears of joy, regarded himself as once more staying in the midst of the
city called after the elephant. 0.4666666666666666
Saluted with reverence by all his
daughters-in-law headed by Krishna, king Dhritarashtra, endued with great
intelligence, with Gandhari and Kunti, became filled with joy. 0.6666666666666666
He then
reached his forest-retreat that was applauded by Siddhas and Charanas,
and that then teemed with vast crowds of men all desirous of beholding
him, like the firmament teeming with innumerable stars." 0.0
SECTION XXV
"Vaisampayana said, 'The king, O chief of Bharata's race, with those
foremost of men, viz., his brothers, who were all possessed of eyes that
resembled lotus-petals, took his seat in the retreat of his eldest sire. 0.0
There sat around him many highly-blessed ascetics, hailing from diverse
regions, from desire of beholding the sons of that lord of Kuru's race.,
viz., the Pandavas of wide chests. 0.2
They said, 'We wish to know who
amongst these is Yudhishthira, who are Bhima and Arjuna, who the twins,
and who is Draupadi of great fame.' 0.8
Then the Suta, Sanjaya, in answer to
their queries, pointed out to them the Pandavas. 0.0
naming each, and
Draupadi too as also the other ladies of the Kuru household.' -0.125
"Sanjaya said, 'This one that is as fair of complexion as pure gold, that
is endued with a body which looks like that of a full-grown lion, that is
possessed of a large aquiline nose, and wide and expansive eyes that are,
again, of a coppery hue, is the Kuru king. 0.2571428571428571
This one, whose tread
resembles that of an infuriate elephant, whose complexion is as fair as
that of heated gold, whose frame is of large and expansive proportions
and whose arms are long and stout, is Vrikodara. 0.28809523809523807
Behold him well! 0.0
The
mighty bowman who sits besides him, of darkish complexion and youthful
frame, who resembles the leader of an elephantine herd, whose shoulders
are as high as those of a lion, who walks like a sporting elephant, and
whose eyes are as expansive as the petals of a lotus, is the hero called
Arjuna. 0.28
Those two foremost of men, that are sitting besides Kunti, are
the twins, resembling Vishnu and Mahendra. 0.0
In this whole world of men,
they have not their equals in beauty and strength and excellence of
conduct. 0.2
This lady, of eyes as expansive as lotus petals, who seems to
have touched the middle age of life, whose complexion resembles that of
the blue lotus, and who looks like a goddess of Heaven, is Krishna, the
embodied form of the goddess of prosperity. 0.0
[39] She who sits besides her,
possessed of the complexion of pure gold, who looks like the embodied
rays of the moon, in the midst of the other ladies, is, ye foremost of
regenerate ones, the sister of that unrivalled hero who wields the
discus. 0.04464285714285714
This other, as fair as pure gold, is the daughter of the
snake-chief and wife of Arjuna. 0.2630952380952381
[40] This other whose complexion is like
that of pure gold or like that of Madhuka flowers, is the princess
Chitrangada. 0.04464285714285714
This one, that is possessed of the complexion of an
assemblage of blue lotuses, is the sister of that monarch, that lord of
hosts, who used to always challenge Krishna. 0.0
She is the foremost wife of
Vrikodara. 0.0
This is the daughter of the king of Magadha who was known by
the name of Jarasandha. 0.0
Possessed of the complexion of an assemblage of
Champakas, she is the wife of the youngest son of Madravati. 0.0
Possessed of
a complexion as darkish as that of the blue lotus, she who sits there on
the earth, and whose eyes are as expansive as lotus-petals, is the wife
of the eldest son of Madravati, This lady whose complexion is as fair as
that of heated gold and who sits with her child on her lap, is the
daughter of king Virata. 0.35
She is the wife of that Abhimanyu who, while
divested of his car, was slain by Drona and others fighting from their
cars. 0.0
[41] These ladies, the hair on whose heads shows not the parted
line, and who are clad in white, are the widows of the slain sons of
Dhritarashtra. 0.0
They are the daughters-in-law of this old king, the wives
of his hundred sons, now deprived of both their husbands and children who
have been slain by heroic foes. 0.39999999999999997
I have now pointed them out in the order
of precedence. 0.0
In consequence of their devotion to Brahmanas, their
understandings and hearts are divested of every kind of crookedness. 0.6
Possessed of pure souls, they have all been pointed out by me,--these
princesses of the Kaurava house-hold,--in answer to your queries.' 0.21428571428571427
"Vaisampayana continued, 'Thus that king of Kuru's race, of very advanced
years, having met with those sons of him that was a deity among men. 0.52
enquired about their welfare after all the ascetics had gone away. 0.0
The
warriors who had accompanied the Pandavas, leaving the retreat, sat
themselves down at a little distance, alighting from their cars and the
animals they rode. -0.17152777777777778
Indeed, after all the crowd, viz., the ladies, the old
men, and the children, had been seated, the old king duly addressed them,
making the usual enquiries of politeness."' -0.016666666666666663
SECTION XXVI
"Dhritarashtra said. 0.0
'O Yudhishthira, art thou in peace and happiness,
with all thy brothers and the inhabitants of the city and the provinces? 0.7
Are they that live in dependance on thee also happy? 0.4681818181818182
Are they ministers,
and servitors, and all thy seniors and preceptors also, happy? 0.8
Are those
also that live in thy dominions free from fear? 0.2681818181818182
Dost thou follow the old
and traditional conduct of rulers of men? 0.05
Is thy treasury filled without
disregarding the restraints imposed by justice and equity? 0.4
Dost thou
behave as thou shouldst towards foes, neutrals, and allies? 0.0
Dost thou
duly look after the Brahmanas, always making them the first gifts
(ordained in sacrifices and religious rites)? 0.125
What need I say of the
citizens, and thy servants, and kinsmen,--are they foes, O chief of
Bharata's race, gratified with thy behaviour? 0.0
Dost thou, O king of kings,
adore with devotion the Pitris and the deities? 0.0
Dost thou worship guests
with food and drink, O Bharata? 0.0
Do the Brahmanas in thy dominions,
devoted to the duties of their order, walk along the path of
righteousness? 0.0
Do the Kshatriyas and Vaisyas and Sudras also within thy
kingdom, and all thy relatives, observe their respective duties? 0.0
I hope
the women, the children, and the old, among thy subjects, do not grieve
(under distress) and do not beg (the necessaries of life). 0.1
Are the ladies
of thy household duly honoured in thy house, O best of men? 1.0
I hope, O
monarch, that this race of royal sages, having obtained thee for their
king, have not fallen away from fame and glory.' 0.0
"Vaisampayana continued, 'Unto the old king who said so, Yudhishthira,
conversant with morality and justice, and well-skilled in acts and
speech, spoke as follows, putting some questions about his welfare.' 0.1
"Yudhishthira said, 'Doth thy peace, O king, thy self-restraint, thy
tranquillity of heart, grow? 0.0
Is this my mother able to serve thee without
fatigue and trouble? 0.15
Will, O king, her residence in the woods be
productive of fruits? 0.0
I hope this queen, who is my eldest mother, who is
emaciated with (exposure to) cold and wind and the toil of walking, and
who is now devoted to the practice of severe austerities, no longer gives
way, to grief for her children of mighty energy, all of whom, devoted to
the duties of the Kshatriya order, have been slain on the field of
battle. -0.3333333333333333
Does she accuse us, sinful wretches, that are responsible for
their slaughter? 0.2
Where is Vidura, O king? 0.0
We do not see him here. 0.0
I hope
this Sanjaya, observant of penances, is in peace and happiness. 0.7
"Vaisampayana continued, 'Thus addressed, Dhritarashtra answered king
Yudhishthira, saying,--'O son. 0.0
Vidura is well. 0.0
He is performing austere
penances, subsisting on air alone, for he abstains from all other food. -0.125
He is emaciated and his arteries and nerves have become visible. 0.0
Sometimes he is seen in this empty forest by Brahmanas.' -0.1
While
Dhritarashtra was saying this Vidura was seen at a distance. 0.0
He had
matted locks on his head, and gravels in his mouth, and was exceedingly
emaciated. 0.0
He was perfectly naked. 0.0
His body was besmeared all over with
filth, and with the dust of various wild flowers. 0.05
When Kshattri was
beheld from a distance, the fact was reported to Yudhishthira. 0.0
Vidura
suddenly stopped, O king, casting his eyes towards the retreat (and
seeing it peopled by so many individuals). 0.25
King Yudhishthira pursued him
alone, as he ran and entered the deep forest, sometimes not seen by the
pursuer. 0.0
He said aloud, 'O Vidura, O Vidura, I am king Yudhishthira, thy
favourite!' 0.0
--Exclaiming thus, Yudhishthira, with great exertion, followed
Vidura. 0.8
That foremost of intelligent men, viz., Vidura, having reached a
solitary spot in the forest, stood still, leaning against a tree. 0.8
He was
exceedingly emaciated. 0.0
He retained only the shape of a human being (all
his characteristic features having totally disappeared). -0.016666666666666666
Yudhishthira of
great intelligence recognised him, however, (in spite of such change). 0.4
Standing before him, Yudhishthira addressed him, saying, 'I am
Yudhishthira!' 0.0
Indeed, worshipping Vidura properly, Yudhishthira said
these words in the hearing of Vidura. 0.0
Meanwhile Vidura eyed the king with
a steadfast gaze. 0.4
Casting his gaze thus on the king, he stood motionless
in Yoga. 0.0
Possessed of great intelligence, he then (by his Yoga-power)
entered the body of Yudhishthira, limb by limb. 0.8
He united his
life-breaths with the king's life-breaths, and his senses with the king's
senses. 0.0
Verify, with the aid of Yoga-power, Vidura, blazing with energy,
thus entered the body of king Yudhishthira the just. 0.0
Meanwhile, the body
of Vidura continued to lean against the tree, with eyes fixed in a
steadfast gaze. 0.25
The king soon saw that life had fled out of it. 0.0
At the
same time, he felt that he himself had become stronger than before and
that he had acquired many additional virtues and accomplishments. 0.25
Possessed of great learning and energy, O monarch, Pandu's son, king
Yudhishthira the just, then recollected his own state before his birth
among men. 0.7
[42] Endued with mighty energy, he had heard of Yoga practice
from Vyasa. 0.4
King Yudhishthira the just, possessed of great learning,
became desirous of doing the last rites to the body of Vidura, and wished
to cremate it duly. 0.4
An invisible voice was then heard,--saying,--'O king,
this body that belonged to him called Vidura should not be cremated. 0.0
In
him is thy body also. 0.0
He is the eternal deity of Righteousness. 0.0
Those
regions of felicity which are known by the name of Santanika will be his,
O Bharata. 0.0
He was an observer of the duties of Yatis. 0.0
Thou shouldst not,
O scorcher of foes, grieve for him at all. 0.0
Thus addressed, king
Yudhishthira the just, returned from that spot, and represented
everything unto the royal son of Vichitraviryya. 0.0
At this, that king of
great splendour, all these men, and Bhimasena and others, became filled
with wonder. 0.6000000000000001
Hearing what had happened, king Dhritarashtra became pleased
and then, addressing the son of Dharma. 0.5
said,--'Do thou accept from me
these gifts of water and roots and fruits. 0.0
It has been said, O king, that
one's guest should take that which one takes oneself.' 0.0
Thus addressed,
Dharma's son answered the king, saying,--'So be it.' 0.0
The mighty-armed
king ate the fruits and roots which the monarch gave him. 0.0
Then they all
spread their beds under a tree and passed that night thus, having eaten
fruits and roots and drunk the water that the old king had given them."' -0.2
SECTION XXVII
"Vaisampayana said, 'They passed that night which was characterised by
auspicious constellations even thus, O king, in that retreat of righteous
ascetics. 0.0
The conversation that occurred was characterised by many
reflections on morality and wealth. 0.5
Consisting of delightful and sweet
words, it was graced with diverse citations from the Srutis. 0.675
The
Pandavas, O king, leaving costly beds, laid themselves down, near their
mother, on the bare ground. -0.001851851851851859
Indeed, those heroes passed that night,
having eaten the food which was the food of the high-souled king
Dhritarashtra. 0.0
After the night had passed away, king Yudhishthira, having
gone through his morning acts, proceeded to survey that retreat in the
company of his brothers. 0.0
With the ladies of his household the servants,
and his priest, the king roved about the retreat in all directions, as he
pleased, at the command of Dhritarashtra. 0.5
He beheld many sacrificial
altars with sacred fires blazing on them and with many ascetics seated on
them, that had performed their oblations and poured libations in honour
of the deities. 0.5
Those altars were overspread with fruits and roots of the
forest, and with heaps of flowers. 0.0
The smoke of clarified butter curled
upwards from them. 0.0
They were graced, besides, with many ascetics
possessed of bodies that looked like the embodied Vedas and with many
that belonged to the lay brotherhood. 0.5
Herds of deer were grazing, or
resting here and there, freed from every fear. 0.0
Innumerable birds also
were there, engaged in uttering their melodious notes, O king. 0.0
The whole
forest seemed to resound with the notes of peacocks and Datyuhas and
Kokilas and the sweet songs of other warblers. 0.1416666666666667
[43] Some spots echoed with
the chant of Vedic hymns recited by learned Brahmanas. 0.0
Some were adorned
with large heaps of fruits and roots gathered from the wilderness. 0.21428571428571427
King
Yudhishthira then gave those ascetics jars made of gold or copper which
he had brought for them, and many deer-skins and blankets and sacrificial
ladles made of wood, and Kamandalus and wooden platters, and pots and
pans, O Bharata. 0.25
[44] Diverse kinds of vessels, made of iron, and smaller
vessels and cups of various sizes, were also given away by the king, the
ascetics taking them away, each as many as he liked. 0.275
King Yudhishthira of
righteous soul, having thus roved through the woods and beheld the
diverse retreats of ascetics and made many gifts, returned to the place
where his uncle was. 0.5
He saw king Dhritarashtra, that lord of Earth, at
his ease, with Gandhari beside him, after having finished his morning
rites. 0.0
The righteous-souled monarch saw also his mother, Kunti, seated
not much remote from that place, like a disciple with bent head, endued
with humility. 0.05
He saluted the old king, proclaiming his name. 0.1
'Sit down'
were the words the old king said. -0.02777777777777779
Receiving Dhritarashtra's permission,
Yudhishthira sat himself down on a mat of Kusa grass. -0.15555555555555559
Then the other sons
of Pandu with Bhima among them, O thou of Bharata's race, saluted the
king and touched his feet and sat themselves down, receiving his
permission. -0.14027777777777778
The old Kuru king, surrounded by them, looked exceedingly
beautiful. 0.475
Indeed, he blazed with a Vedic splendour like Vrihaspati in
the midst of the celestials. 0.0
After they had sat themselves down, many
great Rishis, viz., Satayupa and others, who were denizens of
Kurukshetra, came there. 0.3814814814814815
The illustrious and learned Vyasa, possessed of
great energy, and reverenced by even the celestial Rishis, showed
himself, at the head of his numerous disciples, unto Yudhishthira. 0.4
The
Kuru king Dhritarashtra, Kunti's son Yudhishthira of great energy, and
Bhimasena and others, stood up and advancing a few steps, saluted those
guests. 0.30000000000000004
Approaching near, Vyasa, surrounded by Satayupa and others,
addressed king Dhritarashtra, saying,--'Be thou seated.' 0.05
The illustrious
Vyasa then took an excellent seat made of Kusa grass placed upon a black
deer-skin and covered with a piece of silken cloth. 0.4166666666666667
They had reserved
that seat for him. 0.0
After Vyasa had been seated, all those foremost of
regenerate persons, endued with abundant energy, sat themselves down,
having received the permission of the Island-born sage." 0.2222222222222222
SECTION XXVIII
"Vaisampayana said, 'After the high-souled Pandavas had all been seated,
Satyavati's son Vyasa said,--O Dhritarashtra of mighty arms, hast thou
been able to achieve penances? 0.45
Is thy mind, O king, pleased with thy
residence in the woods? 0.5
Has the grief that was thine, born of the
slaughter of thy sons in battle, disappeared from thy heart? -0.8
Are all thy
perceptions, O sinless one, now clear? 0.10000000000000002
Dost thou practise the ordinances
of forest life after having made thy heart firm? -0.2
Does my daughter-in-law,
Gandhari, allow herself to be overwhelmed by grief? -0.8
She is possessed of
great wisdom. 0.8
Endued with intelligence, that queen understands both
Religion and Wealth. 0.0
She is well conversant with the truths that relate
to both prosperity and adversity. 0.0
Does she still grieve? 0.0
Does Kunti, O
king, who in consequence of her devotion to the service of her seniors,
left her children, attend to thy wants and serve thee with all humility? 0.1
Have the high-minded and high-souled king, Yudhishthira, the son of
Dharma and Bhima and Arjuna and the twins been sufficiently comforted? 0.0
Dost thou feet delight at seeing them? 0.0
Has thy mind become freed from
every stain? 0.0
Has thy disposition, O king, become pure in consequence of
the increase of thy knowledge? 0.21428571428571427
This aggregate of three, O king, is the
foremost of all concerns, O Bharata, viz., abstension from injury to any
creature, truth, and freedom from anger. -0.7
Does thy forest life any longer
prove painful to thee? -0.7
Art thou able to earn with thy own exertions the
products of the wilderness for thy food? 0.55
Do fasts give thee any pain now? 0.0
Hast thou learnt, O king, how the high-souled Vidura, who was Dharma's
self, left this world? 0.0
Through the curse of Mandavya, the deity of
Righteousness became born as Vidura. 0.0
He was possessed of great
intelligence. 0.8
Endued with high penances, he was high-souled and
high-minded. 0.16
Even Vrihaspati among the celestials, and Sukra among the
Asuras, was not possessed of such intelligence as that foremost of
persons. 0.0
The eternal deity of Righteousness was stupefied by the Rishi
Mandavya with an expenditure of his penances earned for a long time with
great care. 0.375
[45] At the command of the Grandsire, and through my own
energy, Vidura of great intelligence was procreated by me upon a soil
owned by Vichitraviryya. 0.7
A deity of deities, and eternal, he was, O king,
thy brother. 0.0
The learned know him to be Dharma in consequence of his
practices of Dharana and Dhyana. 0.0
[46] He grows with (the growth of) truth,
self-restraint, tranquillity of heart, compassion, and gifts. 0.0
He is
always engaged in penances, and is eternal. 0.0
From that deity of
Righteousness, through Yoga-puissance, the Kuru king Yudhishthira also
took his birth. 0.0
Yudhishthira, therefore, O king, is Dharma of great
wisdom and immeasurable intelligence. 0.8
Dharma exists both here and
hereafter, and is like fire or wind or water or earth or space. 0.0
He is, O
king of kings, capable of going everywhere and exists, pervading the
whole universe. 0.2
He is capable of being beheld by only those that are the
foremost of the deities and those that are cleansed of every sin and
crowned with ascetic success. 0.0
He that is Dharma is Vidura; and he that is
Vidura is the (eldest) son of Pandu. 0.0
That son of Pandu. 0.0
O king, is
capable of being perceived by thee. 0.2
He stays before thee as thy servitor. 0.0
Endued with great Yoga-puissance, thy high-souled brother, that foremost
of intelligent men, seeing the high-souled Yudhishthira, the son of
Kunti, has entered into his person. 0.8
These also, O chief of Bharata's
race, I shall unite with great benefit. 0.8
Know, O son, that I am come here
for dispelling thy doubts. 0.0
Some feat that has never been accomplished
before by any of the great Rishis, some wonderful effect of my
penances,--I shall show thee. 0.6666666666666666
What object is that, O king, whose
accomplishment thou desirest from me? 0.0
Tell me what is that which thou
wishest to see or ask or hear? 0.0
O sinless one, I shall accomplish it.' 0.0
SECTION XXIX
(Putradarsana Parva)
"Janamejaya said, 'Tell me. 0.0
O learned Brahmana, what that wonderful feat
was which the great Rishi Vyasa of high energy accomplished after his
promise to the old king, made when Dhritarashtra, that lord of Earth,
that foremost one of Kuru's race, had taken up his abode in the forest,
with his wife and with his daughter-in-law Kunti; and after, indeed,
Vidura had left his own body and entered into Yudhishthira, and at the
time when all the sons of Pandu were staying in the ascetic retreat. 0.29500000000000004
For
how many days did the Kuru king Yudhishthira of unfading glory stay, with
his men, in the woods? 0.5
On what food, O puissant one, did the high-souled
Pandavas support themselves, with their men, and wives, while they lived
in the woods? 0.0
O sinless one, do thou tell me this.' 0.0
"Vaisampayana said, 'With the permission of the Kuru king, the Pandavas,
O monarch, with their troops and the ladies of their household, supported
themselves on diverse kinds of food and drink and passed about a month in
great happiness in that forest. 0.75
Towards the close of that period, O
sinless one, Vyasa came there. 0.0
While all those princes sat around Vyasa,
engaged in conversation on diverse subjects, other Rishis came to that
spot. -0.125
They were Narada, and Parvata and Devala of austere penances, and
Viswavasu and Tumvuru, and Chitrasena., O Bharata. 0.0
Endued with severe
penances, the Kuru king Yudhishthira, with the permission of
Dhritarashtra, worshipped them according to due rites. -0.125
Having obtained
that worship from Yudhishthira, all of them sat down on sacred seats
(made of Kusa grass), as also on excellent seats made of peacock
feathers. 0.4222222222222222
After they had all taken their seats, the Kuru king of high
intelligence took his seat there, surrounded by the sons of Pandu. 0.16
Gandhari and Kunti and Draupadi, and she of the Sattwata race, and other
ladies of the royal household also sat down. -0.14027777777777778
The conversation that then
arose was excellent and had reference to topics connected with piety, and
the Rishis of old, and the deities and the Asuras. 0.55
At the close of that
conversation Vyasa of great energy, that foremost of eloquent men, that
first of all persons conversant with the Vedas, highly gratified,
addressed the blind monarch and once more said,--'Burning as thou art
with grief on account of thy children, I know, O king of kings, what
object is cherished by thee in thy heart. 0.06833333333333332
The sorrow that always exists
in the heart of Gandhari, that which exists in the heart of Kunti, and
that also which is cherished by Draupadi in her heart, and that burning
grief, on account of the death of her son, which Krishna's sister
Subhadra also cherishes, are all known to me. -0.8
Hearing of this meeting, O
king, of thine with all these princes and princesses of thy house, I have
come here, O delighter of the Kauravas, for dispelling thy doubts. 0.0
Let
the deities and Gandharvas, and all these great Rishis, behold today the
energy of those penances which I have acquired for these long years. 0.375
Therefore, O king, tell me what wish of thine I shall grant today. 0.0
I am
puissant enough to grant thee a boon. 0.0
Behold the fruit of my penances.' 0.0
Thus addressed by Vyasa of immeasurable understanding, king Dhritarashtra
reflected for a moment and then prepared to speak. 0.0
He said,--'I am
exceedingly fortunate. 0.4
Lucky am I in obtaining thy favour. 0.3333333333333333
My life is
crowned with success today,--since this meeting has happened between me
and ye all of great piety. 0.55
Today I shall attain to that highly happy goal
which is reserved for me, since, ye ascetics endued with wealth of
penances, ye who are equal to Brahma himself, I have succeeded in
obtaining this meeting with you all. 0.4
There is not the least doubt that
this sight that I have obtained of you all has cleansed me of every sin. -0.3
Ye sinless ones, I have no longer any fear in respect of my end in the
next world. 0.0
Full as I am of love for my children, I always cherish their
remembrance. 0.425
My mind, however, is always tortured by the recollection of
the diverse acts of wrong which my wicked son of exceedingly evil
understanding perpetrated. -0.75
Possessed of a sinful understanding, he always
persecuted the innocent Pandavas. 0.5
Alas, the whole Earth has been
devastated by him, with her steeds, elephants and men. -0.1
Many high-souled
kings, rulers of diverse realms, came for siding my son and succumbed to
death. 0.5
Alas, leaving their beloved sires and wives and their very
life-breaths, all those heroes have become guests of the king of the
dead. 0.07499999999999998
What end, O regenerate one, has been attained by those men who have
been slain, for the sake of their friend, in battle? 0.0
What end also has
been attained by my sons and grandsons who have fallen in the fray? 0.0
My
heart is always pained at the thought of my having brought about the
slaughter of the mighty Bhishma, the son of Santanu, and of Drona, that
foremost of Brahmanas, through my foolish and sinful son who was an
injurer of his friends. 0.4
Desirous of obtaining the sovereignty of the
Earth, he caused the Kuru race, blazing with prosperity, to be
annihilated. 0.0
Reflecting on all this, I burn day and night with grief. -0.8
Deeply afflicted with pain and grief, I am unable to obtain peace of
mind. -0.43333333333333335
Indeed, O father, thinking of all this, I have no peace of mind.' 0.0
"Vaisampayana continued, 'Hearing these lamentations expressed in diverse
ways, of that royal sage, the grief, O Janamejaya, of Gandhari, became
fresh. -0.25
The grief also of Kunti, of the daughter of Drupada, of Subhadra,
and of the other members, male and female, and the daughters-in-law, of
the Kuru race, became equally green. -0.225
Queen Gandhari, with bandaged eyes,
joining her hands, addressed her father-in-law. 0.0
Deeply afflicted with
grief on account of the slaughter of her sons, she said,--'O foremost of
ascetics, sixteen years have passed over the head of this king grieving
for the death of his sons and divested of peace of mind. -0.4
Afflicted with
grief on account of the slaughter of his children, this king
Dhritarashtra, always breathes heavily, and never sleeps at night. -0.5
O
great Rishi, through the power of thy penances thou art competent to
create new worlds. 0.4787878787878788
What need I say then about showing this king his
children who are now in the other world? -0.125
This Krishna, the daughter of
Drupada, hath lost all her kinsmen and children. 0.0
For this, she who is the
dearest of my daughters-in-law grieves exceedingly. 0.0
The sister of
Krishna, viz., Subhadra of sweet speech, burning with the loss of her
son, grieves as deeply. 0.175
This lady that is respected by all, that is the
wife of Bhurisravas, afflicted with grief on account of the fate that has
overtaken her husband, always indulges in heart-rending lamentations. -0.8
Her
father-in-law was the intelligent Valhika of Kuru's race. 0.8
Alas, Somadatta
also was slain, along with his sire, in the great battle! 0.3
[47] Alas, a
century of sons, heroes that never retreated from battle, belonging to
this son of thine, this king of great intelligence and great prosperity,
has been slain in battle. 0.4000000000000001
The hundred wives of those sons are all
grieving and repeatedly enhancing the grief of both the king and myself. -0.8
O great ascetic, stricken by that great slaughter, they have gathered
round me. 0.22500000000000003
Alas, those high-souled heroes, those great car warriors, my
fathers-in-law, Somadatta and others,--alas, what end has been theirs, O
puissant one? 0.2
Through thy grace, O holy one, that will happen in
consequence of which this lord of Earth, myself, and this daughter-in-law
of thine, viz., Kunti, shall all become freed from our grief. -0.8
After
Gandhari had said so, Kunti, whose face had become wasted through
observance of many hard vows, began to think of her secret-born son
endued with solar effulgence. 0.002777777777777768
The boon giving Rishi Vyasa, capable of
both beholding and hearing what happened at a remote distance, saw that
the royal mother of Arjuna was afflicted with grief. -0.23333333333333336
Unto her Vyasa
said,--'Tell me, O blessed one, what is in thy mind. 0.0
Tell me what thou
wishest to say. 0.0
At this, Kunti, bending her head unto her father-in-law,
and overcome with bashfulness, said these words unto him, relating to the
occurrences of the past.'" -0.25
SECTION XXX
"Kunti said, 'O holy one, thou art my father-in-law and therefore, my
deity of deities. 0.0
Verily, thou art my god of gods. 0.0
Hear my words of
truth. 0.0
An ascetic named Durvasas, who is of the regenerate order and who
is full of wrath, came to my father's house for eleemosynary charity. -0.07500000000000001
I
succeeded in gratifying him by the purity of my external behaviour and of
my mind, as also by refusing to notice the many wrongs he did. 0.25
I did not
give way to wrath although there was much in his behaviour quite capable
of exciting that passion. 0.2333333333333333
Served with care, the great ascetic became
highly pleased with me and disposed to grant me a boon. 0.26666666666666666
'Thou must accept
the boon I shall give,' were his words to me. 0.0
Fearing his curse, I
answered him, saying,--'So be it.' 0.0
The regenerate Rishi once more said
unto me,--'O blessed damsel, O thou of beautiful face, thou wilt become
the mother of Dharma. 0.675
Those deities whom thou wilt summon will be
obedient to thee.' 0.4
Having said those words, the regenerate one vanished
away from my sight. 0.0
I became filled with wonder. 0.4
The mantra, however,
which the Rishi gave has dwelt in my memory at all times. 0.0
One day,
sitting within my chamber I beheld the sun rising. 0.0
Desiring to bring the
maker of day before me, I recollected the words of the Rishi. 0.0
Without any
consciousness of the fault I committed, I summoned the deity from mere
girlishness. -0.5
The deity, however, of a thousand rays, (summoned by me)
came to my presence. 0.0
He divided himself in twain. 0.0
With one portion he was
in the firmament, and with the other he stood on the Earth before me. -0.125
With one he heated the worlds and with another he came to me. 0.0
He told me,
while I was trembling at his sight, these words,--'Do thou ask a boon of
me.' 0.0
Bowing unto him with my head, I asked him to leave me. 0.0
He replied
unto me, saying,--'I cannot bear the idea of coming to thee fruitlessly. 0.0
I shall consume thee as also that Brahmana who gave thee the Mantra as a
boon.' 0.0
The Brahmana who had done no evil--I wished to protect from
Surya's curse. 0.0
I therefore, said--'Let me have a son like thee, O god.' 0.0
The deity of thousand rays then penetrated me with his energy and
stupefied me completely. 0.1
He then said unto me,--'Thou wilt have a son,'
and then went back to the firmament. 0.0
I continued to live in the inner
apartments and desirous of saying the honour of my sire, I cast into the
waters my infant son named Karna who thus came into the world secretly. -0.08787878787878789
Without doubt, through the grace of that god, I once more became a
virgin, O regenerate one, even as the Rishi Durvasas had said unto me. 0.5
Foolish that I am, although he knew me for his mother when he grew up, I
yet made no effort to acknowledge him. 0.0
This burns me, O regenerate Rishi,
as is well-known to thee. 0.0
Whether it is sinful or not so, I have told
thee truth. 0.0
It behoveth thee, O holy one, to gratify the craving I feel
for beholding that son of mine. 0.0
O foremost of ascetics, let this king
also, O sinless one, obtain the fruition today of that wish of his which
he cherishes in his bosom and which has become known to thee.' 0.0
Thus
addressed by Kunti, Vyasa, that foremost of all persons, said unto her in
reply,--'Blessed be thou; all that thou hast said unto me will happen. 0.0
(As regards the birth of Karna) no fault is ascribable to thee. 0.0
Thou wert
restored to virginity. 0.0
The deities are possessed of (Yoga) puissance. 0.0
They are able to penetrate human bodies. 0.25
[48] There are deities. 0.0
They
beget (offspring) by thought alone. 0.0
By word, by sight, by touch, and by
sexual union, also, they beget children. 0.5
These are the five methods. 0.0
Thou
belongest to the order of humanity. 0.0
Thou hast no fault (in what
happened). 0.0
Know this. 0.0
O Kunti. 0.0
Let the fever of thy heart be dispelled. 0.0
For those that are mighty, everything is becoming. 0.42500000000000004
'For those that are
mighty, everything is pure. 0.30714285714285716
For those that are mighty, everything is
meritorious. 0.4
For those that are mighty, everything is their own.'" 0.5
SECTION XXXI. 0.0
"Vyasa said, 'Blessed be thou, O Gandhari, thou shalt behold thy sons and
brothers and friends and kinsmen along with thy sires this night like men
risen from sleep. 0.0
Kunti also shall behold Karna, and she of Yadu's race
shall behold her son Abhimanyu. 0.0
Draupadi shall behold her five sons, her
sires, and her brothers also. 0.0
Even before ye had asked me, this was the
thought in my mind. 0.0
I entertained this purpose when I was urged to that
effect by the king, by thee, O Gandhari, and by Kunti. 0.0
Thou shouldst not
grieve for those foremost of men. 0.0
They met with death in consequence of
their devotion to the established practices of Kshatriyas. 0.0
O faultless
one, the work of the gods could not but be accomplished. 0.6
It was for
accomplishing that object that those heroes came down on Earth. -0.15555555555555559
They were
all portions of the deities. 0.0
Gandharvas and Apsaras, and Pisachas and
Guhyakas and Rakshasas, many persons of great sanctity, many individuals
crowned with success (of penances), celestial Rishis, deities and Danavas
and heavenly Rishis of spotless character, met with death on the
battle-field of Kurukshetra. 0.525
[49] It is heard that he that was the
intelligent king of the Gandharvas, and named Dhritarashtra, took birth
in the world of men as thy lord Dhritarashtra. 0.8
Know that Pandu of
unfading glory and distinguished above all others, sprung from the
Maruts. 0.0
Kshattri and Yudhishthira are both portions of the deity of
Righteousness. 0.0
Know that Duryodhana was Kali, and Sakuni was Dwapara. 0.0
O
thou of good features, know that Dussasana and others were all Rakshasas. 0.7
Bhimasena of great might, that chastiser of foes, is from the Maruts. 0.8
Know that this Dhananjaya, the son of Pritha, is the ancient Rishi Nara. 0.0
Hrishikesa is Narayana, and the twins are the Aswins. 0.0
The foremost of
heat-giving ones, viz., Surya, having divided his body in twain,
continued with one portion to give heat to the worlds and with another to
live (on Earth.) 0.13636363636363635
as Karna. 0.0
He that took his birth as the son of Arjuna,
that gladdener of all, that heir to the possessions of the Pandavas, who
was slain by six great car-warriors (fighting together), was Soma. 0.8
He was
born of Subhadra. 0.0
Through Yoga-puissance he had divided himself in twain. 0.0
Dhrishtadyumna who sprung with Draupadi from the sacrificial fire, was an
auspicious portion of the deity of fire. 0.0
Sikhandin was a Rakshasa. 0.0
Know
that Drona was a portion of Vrihaspati, and that Drona's son is born of a
portion of Rudra. 0.0
Know that Ganga's son Bhishma was one of the Vasus that
became born as a human being. 0.0
Thus, O thou of great wisdom, the deities
had taken birth as human beings, and after having accomplished their
purposes have gone back to Heaven. 0.25
That sorrow which is in the hearts of
you all, relating to the return of these to the other world, I shall
today dispel. -0.125
Do you all go towards the Bhagirathi.--You will then behold
all those that have been slain on the field of battle.' 0.0
"Vaisampayana continued, 'All the persons there present, having heard the
words of Vyasa, raised a loud leonine shout and then proceeded towards
the Bhagirathi. 0.05
Dhritarashtra with all his ministers and the Pandavas, as
also with all those foremost of Rishis and Gandharvas that had come
there, set out as directed. 0.0
Arrived at the banks of Ganga, that sea of
men took up their abode as pleased them. 0.5
The king possessed of great
intelligence, with the Pandavas, took up his abode in a desirable spot,
along with the ladies and the aged ones of his household. 0.35000000000000003
They passed
that day as if it were a whole year, waiting for the advent of the night
when they would behold the deceased princes. 0.2
The Sun then reached the
sacred mountain in the west and all those persons, having bathed in the
sacred stream, finished their evening rites."' 0.0
SECTION XXXII
"Vaisampayana said, 'When night came, all those persons, having finished
their evening rites, approached Vyasa. 0.0
Dhritarashtra of righteous soul,
with purified body and with mind solely directed towards it, sat there
with the Pandavas and the Rishis in his company. 0.0
The ladies of the royal
household sat with Gandhari in a secluded spot. 0.0
All the citizens and the
inhabitants of the provinces ranged themselves according to their years. 0.0
Then the great ascetic, Vyasa, of mighty energy, bathing in the sacred
waters of the Bhagirathi, summoned all the deceased warriors, viz., those
that had fought on the side of the Pandavas, those that had fought for
the Kauravas, including highly blessed kings belonging to diverse realms. 0.21500000000000002
At this, O Janamejaya, a deafening uproar was heard to arise from within
the waters, resembling that which had formerly been heard of the forces
of the Kurus and the Pandavas. 0.0
Then those kings, headed by Bhishma and
Drona, with all their troops, arose by thousands from the waters of the
Bhagirathi. 0.0
There were Virata and Drupada, with their sons and forces. 0.0
There were the sons of Draupadi and the son of Subhadra, and the Rakshasa
Ghatotkacha. 0.0
There were Karna and Duryodhana, and the mighty car-warrior
Sakuni, and the other children, endued with great strength, of
Dhritarashtra, headed by Dussasana. 0.3583333333333334
There were the son of Jarasandha, and
Bhagadatta, and Jalasandha of great energy, and Bhurisravas, and Sala,
and Salya, and Vrishasena with his younger brother. 0.4
There were prince
Lakshmana (the son of Duryodhana), and the son of Dhrishtadyumna, and all
the children of Sikhandin, and Dhrishtaketu, with his younger brother. 0.0
There were Achala and Vrishaka, and the Rakshasa Alayudha, and Valhika,
and Somadatta, and king Chekitana. 0.0
These and many others, who for their
number cannot be conveniently named, appeared on that occasion. 0.5
All of
them rose from the waters of the Bhagirathi, with resplendent bodies. 0.6
Those kings appeared, each clad in that dress and equipt with that
standard and that vehicle which he had while fighting on the field. 0.0
All
of them were now robed in celestial vestments and all had brilliant
ear-rings. 0.9
They were free from all animosity and pride, and divested of
wrath and jealousy. 0.4
Gandharvas sang their praises, and bards waited on
them, chanting their deeds. 0.0
Robed in celestial vestments and wearing
celestial garlands, each of them was waited upon by bands of Apsaras. 0.0
At
that time, through the puissance of his penances, the great ascetic, the
son of Satyavati, gratified with Dhritarashtra, gave him celestial
vision. 0.15000000000000002
Endued with celestial knowledge and strength, Gandhari of great
fame saw all her children as also all that had been slain in battle. 0.8
All
persons assembled there beheld with steadfast gaze and hearts filled with
wonder that amazing and inconceivable phenomenon which made the hair on
their bodies stand on its end. 0.46666666666666673
It looked like a high carnival of
gladdened men and women. 0.16
That wondrous scene looked like a picture
painted on the canvas. 0.0
Dhritarashtra, beholding all those heroes, with
his celestial vision obtained through the grace of that sage, became full
of joy, O chief of Bharata's race."' 0.575
SECTION XXXIII
"Vaisampayana said. 0.0
'Then those foremost of men divested of wrath and
jealousy, and cleansed of every sin, met with one another, agreeably to
those high and auspicious ordinances that have been laid down by
regenerate Rishis. 0.0022222222222222088
All of them were happy of hearts and looked like gods
moving in Heaven. 0.8
Son met with sire or mother, wives with husbands,
brother with brother, and friend with friend, O king. 0.0
The Pandavas, full
of joy, met with the mighty bowman Karna as also with the son of
Subhadra, and the children of Draupadi. 0.5166666666666666
With happy hearts the sons of
Pandu approached Karna, O monarch, and became reconciled with him. 0.8
All
those warriors, O chief of Bharata's race, meeting with one another
through the grace of the great ascetic, became reconciled with one
another. 0.15000000000000002
Casting off all unfriendliness, they became established on amity
and peace. 0.0
It was even thus that all those foremost of men, viz., the
Kauravas and other kings became united with the Kurus rid other kinsmen
of theirs as also with their children. -0.125
The whole of that night they
passed in great happiness. 0.5666666666666667
Indeed, the Kshatriya warriors, in consequence
of the happiness they felt, regarded that place as Heaven itself. 0.7
There
was no grief, no fear, no suspicion, no discontent, no reproach in that
region, as those warriors, O monarch, met with one another on that night. 0.4
Meeting with their sires and brothers and husbands and sons, the ladies
cast off all grief and felt great raptures of delight. 0.0
Having sported
with one another thus for one night, those heroes and those ladies,
embracing one another and taking one another's leave returned to the
places they had come from. 0.0
Indeed, that foremost of ascetics dismissed
that concourse of warriors. 0.0
Within the twinkling of an eye that large
crowd disappeared in the very sight of all those (living) persons. 0.20714285714285713
Those
high-souled persons, plunging into the sacred river Bhagirathi proceeded,
with their cars and standards, to their respective abodes. 0.0
Some went to
the regions of the gods, some to the region of Brahman, some to the
region of Varuna, and some to the region of Kuvera. 0.0
Some among those
kings proceeded to the region of Surya. 0.0
Amongst the Rakshasas and
Pisachas some proceeded to the country of Uttara-Kurus. 0.0
Others, moving in
delightful attitudes, went in the company of the deities. 1.0
Even thus did
all those high-souled persons disappear with their vehicles and animals
and with all their followers. 0.0
After all of them had gone away, the great
sage, who was standing in the waters of the sacred stream viz., Vyasa of
great righteousness and energy, that benefactor of the Kurus, then
addressed those Kshatriya ladies who had become widows, and said these
words, 'Let those amongst these foremost of women that are desirous of
attaining to the regions acquired by their husbands cast away all sloth
and quickly plunge into the sacred Bhagirathi.--Hearing these words of
his, those foremost ladies, placing faith in them, took the permission of
their father-in-law, and then plunged into the waters of the Bhagirathi. 0.6444444444444445
Freed from human bodies, those chaste ladies then proceeded, O king, with
their husbands to the regions acquired by the latter. 0.0
Even thus, those
ladies of virtuous conduct, devoted to their husbands entering, the
waters of the Bhagirathi, became freed from their mortal tenements and
attained to the companionship of their husbands in the regions acquired
by them. 0.0
Endued with celestial forms, and adorned with celestial
ornaments, and wearing celestial vestments and garlands, they proceeded
to those regions where their husbands had found their abodes. 0.0
Possessed
of excellent behaviour and many virtues, their anxieties all dispelled,
they were seen to ride on excellent cars, and endued with every
accomplishment they found those regions of happiness which were theirs by
right. 0.6971428571428572
Devoted to the duties of piety, Vyasa, at that time, becoming a
giver of boons, granted unto all the men there assembled the fruition of
the wishes they respectively cherished. 0.225
People of diverse realms, hearing
of this meeting between the hallowed dead and living human beings, became
highly delighted. 0.16666666666666666
That man who duly listens to this narrative meets with
everything that is dear to him. 0.0
Indeed, he obtains all agreeable objects
both here and hereafter. 0.0
That man of learning and science, that foremost
of righteous persons, who recites this narrative for the hearing of
others acquires great fame here and an auspicious end hereafter, as also
a union with kinsmen and all desirable objects. 0.8
Such a man has not to
undergo painful labour for his sustenance, and meets with all sorts of
auspicious objects in life. -0.35
Even these are the rewards reaped by a person
who, endued with devotion to Vedic studies and with penances, recites
this narrative in the hearing of others. 0.0
Those persons who possessed of
good conduct, devoted to self-restraint, cleansed of all sins by the
gifts they make, endued with sincerity, having tranquil souls, freed from
falsehood and the desire of injuring others, adorned with faith, belief
in the scriptures, and intelligence, listen to this wonderful parvan,
surely attain to the highest goal hereafter." 0.7333333333333334
SECTION XXXIV
"Sauti said, 'Hearing this story of the re-appearance and departure of
his forefathers, king Janamejaya of great intelligence became highly
pleased. 0.65
Filled with joy, he once more questioned Vaisampayana on the
subject of the reappearance of dead men, saying,--"How is it possible for
persons whose bodies have been destroyed to re-appear in those very
forms?" 0.21904761904761907
Thus asked, that foremost of regenerate persons, viz., the
disciple of Vyasa, that first of speakers, possessed of great energy,
thus answered Janamejaya. 0.525
"Vaisampayana said, 'This is certain, viz., that acts are never destroyed
(without their consequences being enjoyed or endured). 0.35714285714285715
Bodies, O king,
are born of acts; so also are features. 0.0
The great primal elements are
eternal (indestructible) in consequence of the union with them of the
Lord of all beings. 0.8
They exist with what is eternal. 0.0
Accordingly, they
have no destruction when the non-eternal are destroyed. 0.0
Acts done without
exertion are true and foremost, and bear real fruit. 0.275
The soul, united
however with such acts as require exertion for their accomplishment,
enjoys pleasure and pain. 0.0
[50] Though united so (that is, with pleasure
and pain), yet it is a certain inference that the soul is never modified
by them, like the reflection of creatures in a mirror. 0.21428571428571427
It is never
destroyed. 0.0
[51] As long as one's acts are not exhausted (by enjoyment or
endurance of their fruits good and bad), so long does one regard the body
to be oneself. 0.020000000000000025
The man, however, whose acts have been exhausted, without
regarding the body to be self, takes the self to be something
otherwise. -0.4
[52] Diverse existent objects (such as the primal elements and
the senses, etc.) 0.0
attaining to a body, become united as one. 0.0
To men of
knowledge who understand the difference (between the body and self),
those very objects become eternal. 0.2
[53] In the Horse-sacrifice, this Sruti
is heard in the matter of the slaying of the horse. 0.0
Those which are the
certain possessions of embodied creatures, viz., their life-breaths (and
the senses, etc. 0.21428571428571427
), exist eternally even when they are borne to the other
world. -0.125
I shall tell thee what is beneficial, if it be agreeable to thee,
O king. 0.0
Thou hast, while employed in thy sacrifices, heard of the paths
of the deities. 0.0
When preparations were made for any sacrifice of thine,
the deities became beneficially inclined to thee. 0.0
When indeed, the
deities were thus disposed and came to thy sacrifices, they were lords in
the matter of the passage (from this to the next world) of the animals
slain. 0.0
[54] For this reason, the eternal ones (viz., Jivas), by adoring
the deities in sacrifices, succeed in attaining to excellent goals. 0.6
When
the five primal elements are eternal, when the soul also is eternal, he
called Purusha (viz., the soul invested with case) is equally so. 0.0
When
such is the case, he who beholds a creature as disposed to take diverse
forms, is regarded as having an erroneous understanding. -0.25
He who indulges
in too much grief at separation is, I think, a foolish person. -0.8
He who
sees evil in separation should abandon union. -1.0
By standing aloof, no
unions are formed, and sorrow is cast off, for sorrow in the world is
born of separation. 0.0
[55] Only he who understands the distinction between
body and self, and not another, becomes freed from the erroneous
conviction. -0.25
He that knows the other (viz., self) attains to the highest
understanding and becomes freed from error. -0.125
[56] As regards creatures. 0.0
they appear from an invisible state, and once more disappear into
invisibleness. 0.5
I do not know him. 0.0
He also does not know me. 0.0
As regards
myself, renunciation is not yet mine. 0.0
[57] He that is not possessed of
puissance enjoys or endures the fruits of all his acts in those too dies
in which he does them. 0.0
If the act be a mental one, its consequences are
enjoyed or endured mentally; if it be done with the body, its
consequences are to be enjoyed or endured in the body. 0.2
'"[58]
SECTION XXXV
"Vaisampayana said, 'King Dhritarashtra had never beheld his own sons. 0.6
Obtaining eye-sight through the grace of the Rishi, he beheld, for the
first time, O perpetuator of Kuru's race, those children of his that were
very like his own self. 0.35000000000000003
That foremost of men, viz., the Kuru monarch, had
learnt all the duties of kings, as also the Vedas and the Upanishadas,
and had acquired certitude of understanding (from the same source). 0.0
Vidura of great wisdom attained to high success through the power of his
penances. 0.42
Dhritarashtra also attained to great success in consequence of
having met the ascetic Vyasa.' 0.20000000000000004
"Janamejaya said, 'If Vyasa, disposed to grant me a boon, kindly show me
my sire in that form which he had, clad as he used to be clad, and as old
as he was when he departed from this world, I may then believe all that
thou hast told me. 0.35
Such a sight will be most agreeable to me. 0.25
Indeed, I
shall regard myself crowned with success. 0.3
I shall have gained a certainty
of conclusion. 0.0
O, let my wish be crowned with fruition through the grace
of that foremost of Rishis.' 0.0
"Sauti said,--'After king Janamejaya had said these words, Vyasa of great
energy and intelligence showed his grace and brought Parikshit (from the
other world). 0.3375
King Janamejaya beheld his royal father, possessed of great
beauty, brought down from Heaven, in the same form that he had and of the
same age as he was (at the time of leaving this world). 0.16111111111111112
The high-souled
Samika also, and his son Sringin, were similarly brought there. 0.0
All the
counsellors and ministers of the king beheld them. 0.0
King Janamejaya. 0.0
performing the final bath in his sacrifice, became highly glad. 0.25
He poured
the sacred water on his father, even as he caused it to be poured on
himself. 0.0
Having undergone the final bath, the king addressed the
regenerate Astika who had sprung from the race of the Yayavaras and who
was the son of Jaratkaru, and said these words,--'O Astika, this
sacrifice of mine is fraught with many wonderful incidents, since this my
sire has been seen by me--he who has dispelled all my sorrows.' 0.5
"Astika said, 'The performer of that sacrifice in which the ancient
Rishi, the Island-born Vyasa, that vast receptacle of penances, is
present, is sure, O foremost one of Kuru's race, to conquer both the
worlds. 0.16666666666666666
O son of the Pandavas, thou hast heard a wonderful history. 1.0
The
snakes have been consumed into ashes and have followed the footsteps of
thy sire. 0.0
Through thy truthfulness, O monarch, Takshaka has with
difficulty escaped a painful fate. -0.7
The Rishis have all been worshipped. 0.0
Thou hast seen also the end that has been attained by thy high-souled
sire. 0.0
Having heard this sin-cleansing history thou hast achieved abundant
merit. 0.6
The knots of thy heart have been untied through sight of this
foremost of person. 0.0
They that are the supporters of the wings of
Righteousness, they that are of good conduct and excellent disposition,
they at sight of whom sins become attenuated,--we should all bow to them.' 0.85
"Sauti continued, 'Having heard this from that foremost of regenerate
ones, King Janamejaya worshipped that Rishi, repeatedly honouring him in
every way. 0.0
Conversant with all duties he then asked the Rishi
Vaisampayana of unfading glory about the sequel, O best of ascetics, of
king Dhritarashtra's residence in the woods.'" 1.0
SECTION XXXVI
"Janamejaya said, 'Having seen his sons and grandsons with all their
friends and followers, what, indeed, did that ruler of men, viz.,
Dhritarashtra, and king Yudhishthira also, do?' 0.0
"Vaisampayana said, 'Beholding that exceedingly wonderful sight, viz.,
the re-appearance of his children, the royal sage, Dhritarashtra, became
divested of his grief and returned (from the banks of the Bhagirathi) to
his retreat. 0.09999999999999998
The common people and all the great Rishis, dismissed by
Dhritarashtra, returned to the places they respectively wished. 0.16666666666666666
The
high-souled Pandavas, accompanied by their wives, and with a small
retinue, went to the retreat of the high-souled monarch. -0.25
Then Satyavati's
son, who was honoured by regenerate Rishis and all other persons, arrived
at the retreat, addressed Dhritarashtra, saying,--'O mighty-armed
Dhritarashtra. -0.125
O son of Kuru's race, listen to what I say. 0.0
Thou hast
heard diverse discourses from Rishis of great knowledge and sacred deeds,
of wealth of penances and excellence of blood, of conversance with the
Vedas and their branches, of piety and years, and of great eloquence. 0.8
Do
not set thy mind again on sorrow. 0.0
He that is possessed of wisdom is never
agitated at ill luck. -0.5
Thou hast also heard the mysteries of the deities
from Narada of celestial form. 0.0
Thy children have all attained, through
observance of Kshatriya practices, to that auspicious goal which is
sanctified by weapons. 0.0
Thou hast seen how they move about at will in
great happiness. 0.75
This Yudhishthira of great intelligence is awaiting thy
permission, with all his brothers and wives and kinsmen. 0.8
Do thou dismiss
him. 0.0
Let him go back to his kingdom and rule it. 0.0
They have passed more
than a month in thus residing in the woods. 0.5
The station of sovereignty
should always be well guarded. 0.4
O king, O thou of Kuru's race, [thy]
kingdom has many foes.' 0.5
Thus addressed by Vyasa of incomparable energy,
the Kuru king, well-versed in words, summoned Yudhishthira and said unto
him,--'O Ajatasatru, blessings on thee! 0.5
Do thou listen to me, with all
thy brothers. 0.0
Through thy grace, O king, grief no longer stands in my
way. -0.8
I am living as happily, O son, with thee here as if I were in the
city called after the elephant. 0.8
With thee as my protector, O learned one,
I am enjoying all agreeable objects. 0.5
I have obtained from thee all those
services which a son renders to his sire. 0.0
I am highly gratified with
thee. 0.16
I have not the least dissatisfaction with thee, O mighty-armed one. -0.3
Go now, O son, without tarrying here any longer. 0.0
Meeting with thee, my
penances are being slackened. 0.0
This my body, endued with penances, I have
been able to sustain only in consequence of my meeting with thee. 0.25
[59]
These two mothers of thine, subsisting now upon fallen leaves of trees,
and observing vows similar to mine, will not live long. -0.03939393939393939
Duryodhana and
others, who have become denizens of the other world, have been seen by
us, through the puissance of Vyasa's penances and through (the merit of)
this my meeting with thee. -0.125
O sinless one, the purpose of my life has been
attained. 0.0
I now wish to set myself to the practice of the austerest of
penances. 0.0
It behoveth thee to grant me permission. 0.0
On thee now the
obsequial cake, the fame and achievements, and the race of our ancestors,
rest. 0.0
O mighty-armed one, do thou then depart either tomorrow or this
very day. 0.2
Do not tarry, O son. 0.0
O chief of Bharata's race, thou hast
repeatedly heard what the duties are of kings. 0.0
I do not see what more I
can say unto thee. 0.5
I have no longer any need with thee, O thou of great
puissance.' 0.8
"Vaisampayana continued, 'Unto the (old) monarch who said so, king
Yudhishthira replied,--'O thou that art conversant with every rule of
righteousness, it behoveth thee, not to cast me off in this way. 0.1
I am
guilty of no fault. -0.5
Let all my brothers and followers depart as they
like. 0.0
With steadfast vows I shall wait upon thee and upon these two
mothers of mine.' 0.4
Unto him Gandhari then said,--'O son, let it not be so. 0.0
Listen, the race of Kuru is now dependant on thee. 0.0
The obsequial cake
also of my father-in-law depends on thee. 0.0
Depart then, O son. 0.0
We have
been sufficiently honoured and served by thee. 0.0
Thou shouldst do what the
king says. 0.0
Indeed, O son, thou shouldst obey the behests of thy sire.' 0.0
"Vaisampayana continued,--'Thus addressed by Gandhari, King Yudhishthira,
rubbing his eyes which were bathed in tears of affection, said these
words of lament. 0.0
'The king casts me off, as also Gandhari of great fame. 0.8
My heart, however, is bound to thee. 0.0
How shall I, filled as I am with
grief, leave thee? -0.2
I do not, however, at the same time, venture to
obstruct thy penances, O righteous lady. 0.0
There is nothing higher than
penances. 0.25
It is by penances that one attains to the Supreme. 0.0
O queen, my
heart no longer turns as of old towards kingdom. 0.1
My mind is wholly set
upon penances now. 0.0
The whole Earth is empty now. 0.05
O auspicious lady, she
does not please me any longer. 0.0
Our kinsmen have been reduced in number. 0.0
Our strength is no longer what it was before. 0.0
The Panchalas have been
wholly exterminated. 0.0
They exist in name only. 0.0
O auspicious lady, I do not
behold any one that may assist as their re-establishment and growth. 0.0
All
of them have been consumed to ashes by Drona on the field of battle. 0.0
Those that remained were slain by Drona's son at night. 0.0
The Chedis and
the Matsyas, who were our friends, no longer exist. 0.0
Only the tribes of
the Vrishnis are all that remain, Vasudeva having upheld them. 0.0
Beholding
only the Vrishnis I wish to live. 0.06818181818181818
My desire of life, however, is due to
my wish of acquiring merit and not wealth or enjoyment. -0.125
Do thou cast
auspicious looks upon us all. 0.0
To obtain thy sight will be difficult for
us. -0.5
The king will commence to practise the most austere and unbearable of
penances.' 0.5
Hearing these words, that lord of battle, the mighty-armed
Sahadeva, with eyes bathed in tears, addressed Yudhishthira, saying,--'O
chief of Bharata's race, I dare not leave my mother. 0.0
Do thou return to
the capital soon. 0.0
I shall practise penances, O puissant one. 0.0
Even here I
shall emaciate my body by penances, engaged in serving the feet of the
king and of these my mothers.' 0.0
Unto that mighty-armed hero, Kunti, after
an embrace, said--'Depart, O son. 0.0
Do not say so. 0.0
Do my bidding. 0.0
Do all of
you go hence. 0.0
Let peace be yours. 0.0
Ye sons, let happiness be yours. 0.7
By
your stay here, our penances will be obstructed. 0.0
Bound by the ties of my
affection for thee, I shall fall off from my high penances. 0.16
Therefore, O
son, leave us. 0.0
Short is the period that we have of life, O thou of great
puissance.' 0.4
By these and diverse other speeches of Kunti, the minds of
Sahadeva and king Yudhishthira were composed. -0.125
Those foremost ones of
Kuru's race, having received the permission of their mother as also of
the (old) monarch, saluted the latter and began to take his leave.' 0.05
"Yudhishthira said, 'Gladdened by auspicious blessings, we shall return
to the capital. 0.0
Indeed, O king, having received thy permission, we shall
leave this retreat, freed from every sin.' 0.0
Thus addressed by the
high-souled king Yudhishthira the just, that royal sage, viz.,
Dhritarashtra, blessed Yudhishthira and gave him permission. 0.0
The king
comforted Bhima, that foremost of all persons endued with great strength. 0.8
Endued with great energy and great intelligence, Bhima showed his
submissiveness to the king. 0.8
Embracing Arjuna and clasping those foremost
of men, viz., the twins also, and blessing them repeatedly, the Kuru king
gave them permission to depart. 0.0
They worshipped the feet of Gandhari and
received her blessings also. 0.0
Their mother Kunti then smelt their heads,
and dismissed them. 0.0
They then circumambulated the king like calves, when
prevented from sucking their dams. 0.0
Indeed, they repeatedly walked round
him, looking steadfastly at him. 0.1
[60] Then all the ladies of the Kaurava
household, headed by Draupadi, worshipped their father-in-law according
to the rites laid down in the scriptures, and took his leave. -0.15555555555555559
Gandhari
and Kunti embraced each of them, and blessing them bade them go. 0.0
Their
mothers-in-law instructed them as to how they should conduct themselves. 0.0
Obtaining leave, they then departed, with their husbands. 0.0
Then loud
sounds were heard, uttered by the charioteers that said,--'Yoke,
yoke,'--as also of camels that grunted aloud and of steeds that neighed
briskly. 0.1
King Yudhishthira, with his wives and troops and all his
kinsmen, set out for Hastinapura."' 0.0
SECTION XXXVII
(Naradagamana Parva)
"Vaisampayana said, 'After two years had elapsed from the date of the
return of the Pandavas (from the retreat of their sire), the celestial
Rishi, Narada, O king, came to Yudhishthira. 0.0
The mighty-armed Kuru king,
that foremost of speakers, viz., Yudhishthira, having duly worshipped
him, caused him to take a seat. 0.0
After the Rishi had rested awhile, the
king asked him, saying,--'It is after a long time that I behold thy holy
self arrived at my court. -0.05
Art thou in peace and happiness, O learned
Brahmana? 0.7
What are those countries which thou hast passed through? 0.0
What
shall I do to thee? 0.0
Do thou tell me. 0.0
Thou art the foremost of regenerate
ones, and thou art our highest refuge.' 0.0
"Narada said, 'I have not seen thee for a long while. -0.05
Hence it is that I
have come to thee from my ascetic retreat. -0.5
I have seen many sacred
waters, and the sacred stream Ganga also, O king.' 0.5
"Yudhishthira said, 'People dwelling on the banks of Ganga report that
the high-souled Dhritarashtra is practising the austerest of penances. 0.0
Hast thou seen him there? 0.0
Is that perpetuator of Kuru's race in peace? 0.0
Are Gandhari and Pritha, and the Suta's son Sanjaya also, in peace? 0.0
How,
indeed, is it faring with that royal sire of mine? 0.0
I desire to hear this,
O holy one, if thou hast seen the king (and knowest of his condition).' 0.0
"Narada said, 'Listen, O king, with calmness to me as I tell thee what I
have heard and seen in that ascetic retreat. -0.5
After thy return from
Kurukshetra, O delighter of the Kurus, thy sire, O king, proceeded
towards Gangadwara. 0.0
That intelligent monarch took with him his (sacred)
fire, Gandhari and his daughter-in-law Kunti, as also Sanjaya of the Suta
caste, and all the Yajakas. 0.8
Possessed of wealth of penances, thy sire set
himself to the practice of severe austerities. 0.0
He held pebbles of stone
in his mouth and had air alone for his subsistence, and abstained
altogether from speech. 0.0
Engaged in severe penances, he was worshipped by
all the ascetics in the woods. 0.0
In six months the king was reduced only to
a skeleton. 0.0
Gandhari subsisted on water alone, while Kunti took a little
every sixth day. -0.1875
The sacred fire, O monarch, (belonging to the Kuru king)
was duly worshipped by the sacrificing assistants that were with him,
with libations of clarified butter poured on it. 0.0
They did this whether
the king saw the rite or not. 0.0
The king had no fixed habitation. -0.05
He became
a wanderer through those woods. 0.0
The two queens, as also Sanjaya, followed
him. 0.0
Sanjaya acted as the guide on even and uneven land. -0.2
The faultless
Pritha, O king, became the eye of Gandhari. 1.0
One day, that best of kings
proceeded to a spot on the margin of Ganga. 1.0
He then bathed in the sacred
stream and finishing his ablutions turned his face towards his retreat. 0.0
The wind rose high. 0.38
A fierce forest-conflagration set in. 0.0
It began to
burn that forest all around. 0.0
When the herds of animals were being burnt
all around, as also the snakes that inhabited that region, herds of wild
boars began to take themselves to the nearest marshes and waters. 0.1
When
that forest was thus afflicted on all sides and such distress came upon
all the living creatures residing there, the king, who had taken no food,
was incapable of moving or exerting himself at all. 0.0
Thy two mothers also,
exceedingly emaciated, were unable to move. -0.5
The king, seeing the
conflagration approach him from all sides, addressed the Suta Sanjaya,
that foremost of skilful charioteers, saying,--'Go, O Sanjaya, to such a
place where the fire may not burn thee. 0.0
As regards ourselves, we shall
suffer our bodies to be destroyed by this fire and attain to the highest
goal.' 0.0
Unto him, Sanjaya, that foremost of speakers, said,--'O king, this
death, brought on by a fire that is not sacred, will prove calamitous to
thee. 0.0
I do not, however, see any means by which thou canst escape from
this conflagration. 0.0
That which should next be done should be indicated by
thee.' 0.0
Thus addressed by Sanjaya the king once more said,--'This death
cannot be calamitous to us, for we have left our home of our own accord. 0.3666666666666667
Water, fire, wind, and abstention from food,[61] (as means of death), are
laudable for ascetics. 0.0
Do thou, therefore, leave us, O Sanjaya, without
any delay. 0.0
Having said these words to Sanjaya, the king concentrated his
mind. 0.0
Facing the east, he sat down, with Gandhari and Kunti. -0.15555555555555559
Beholding
him in that attitude, Sanjaya walked round him. -0.2
Endued with intelligence,
Sanjaya said,--'Do thou concentrate thy soul, O puissant one.' 0.0
The son of
a Rishi, and himself possessed of great wisdom, the king acted as he was
told. 0.8
Restraining all the senses, he remained like a post of wood. 0.0
The
highly blessed Gandhari, and thy mother Pritha too, remained in the same
attitude. 0.08
Then thy royal sire was overtaken by the forest-conflagration. 0.0
Sanjaya, his minister, succeeded in escaping from that conflagration. 0.0
I
saw him on the banks of Ganga in the midst of ascetics. 0.0
Endued with great
energy and great intelligence, he bade them farewell and then started for
the mountains of Himavat. 0.8
Even thus the high-souled Kuru king met with
his death, and it was even thus that Gandhari and Kunti, thy two mothers,
also met with death, O monarch. 0.0
In course of my wanderings at will, I saw
the bodies of that king and those two queens, O Bharata. 0.0
Many ascetics
came to that retreat, having heard of the end of king Dhritarashtra. 0.5
They
did not at all grieve for that end of theirs. 0.0
There, O best of men, I
heard all the details of how the king and the two queens, O son of Pandu,
had been burnt. 1.0
O king of kings, thou shouldst not grieve for him. 0.0
The
monarch, of his own will, as also Gandhari and thy mother, obtained that
contact with fire.' 0.6
"Vaisampayana continued,--'Hearing of the exit of Dhritarashtra from this
world, the high-souled Pandavas all gave way to great grief. 0.0
Loud sounds
or wailing were heard within the inner apartments of the palace. 0.05
The
citizens also, hearing of the end of the old king, uttered loud
lamentations. 0.1
'O fie! 0.0
cried king Yudhishthira in great agony, raising his
arms aloft. 0.8
Thinking of his mother, he wept like a child. 0.0
All his
brothers too, headed by Bhimasena, did the same. 0.0
Hearing that Pritha had
met with such a fate, the ladies of the royal household tittered loud
lamentations of grief. -0.23333333333333336
All the people grieved upon hearing that the old
king, who had become childless, had been burnt to death and that the
helpless Gandhari too had shared his fate. 0.1
When those sounds of wailing
ceased for a while, king Yudhishthira the just, stopping his tears by
summoning all his patience, said these words."' 0.0
SECTION XXXVIII
"Yudhishthira said, 'When such a fate overtook that high-souled monarch
who was engaged in austere penances, notwithstanding the fact of his
having such kinsmen as ourselves all alive, it seems to me, O regenerate
one, that the end of human beings is difficult to guess. -0.08
Alas, who would
have thought that the son of Vichitraviryya would thus be burnt to death. -0.4
He had a hundred sons each endued with mighty arms and possessed of great
prosperity. 0.6000000000000001
The king himself had the strength of ten thousand elephants. 0.0
Alas, even he has been burnt to death in a forest-conflagration! -0.5
Alas, he
who had formerly been fanned with palm leaves by the fair hands of
beautiful women was fanned by vultures with their wings after he had been
burnt to death in a forest-conflagration! 0.32499999999999996
He who was formerly roused from
sleep every morning by bands of Sutas and Magadhas had to sleep on the
bare ground through the acts of my sinful self. 0.025
I do not grieve for the
famous Gandhari who had been deprived of all her children. 0.5
Observing the
same vows as her husband, she has attained to those very regions which
have become his. 0.1
I grieve, however, for Pritha who, abandoning the
blazing prosperity of her sons, became desirous of residing in the woods. 0.0
Fie on this sovereignty of ours, fie on our prowess, fie on the practices
of Kshatriyas! 0.0
Though alive, we are really dead! -0.075
O foremost of superior
Brahmanas, the course of Time is very subtle and difficult to understand,
inasmuch as Kunti, abandoning sovereignty, became desirous of taking up
her abode in the forest. -0.07777777777777779
How is it that she who was the mother of
Yudhishthira, of Bhima, of Vijaya, was burnt to deathlike a helpless
creature. 0.0
Thinking of this I become stupefied. 0.0
In vain was the deity of
fire gratified at Khandava by Arjuna. 0.0
Ingrate that he is, forgetting that
service he has burnt to death the mother of his benefactor! 0.0
Alas, how
could that deity burn the mother of Arjuna. -0.4
Putting on the guise of a
Brahmana, he had formerly come to Arjuna for soliciting a favour. 0.0
Fie on
the deity of fire! 0.0
Fie on the celebrated success of Partha's shafts! 0.3625
This
is another incident, O holy one, that appears to me to be productive of
greater misery, for that lord of Earth met with death by union with a
fire that was not sacred. 0.5
How could such a death overtake that royal sage
of Kuru's race who, after having ruled the whole Earth, was engaged in
the practice of penances. 0.1
In that great forest there were fires that had
been sanctified with mantras. 0.8
Alas, my father has made his exit from this
world, coming in contact with an unsanctified fire! -0.5
I suppose that
Pritha, emaciated and reduced to a form in which all her nerves became
visible, must have trembled in fear and cried aloud, saying,--O son
Yudhishthira, and awaited the terrible approach of the conflagration. -1.0
She
must have also said,--O Bhima, rescue me from this danger--when she, my
mother, was surrounded on all sides by that terrible conflagration. -1.0
Among
all her sons, Sahadeva, was her darling. 0.0
Alas, that heroic son of
Madravati did not rescue her.' 0.14999999999999997
Hearing these lamentations of the king,
those persons that were present there began to weep, embracing each
other. -0.0625
In fact, the five sons of Pandu were so stricken with grief that
they resembled living creatures at the time of the dissolution of the
universe. -0.8
The sound of lamentations uttered by those weeping heroes,
filling the spacious chambers of the palace, escaped therefrom and
penetrated the very welkin."' 0.30000000000000004
SECTION XXXIX
"Narada said, 'The king has not been burnt to death by an unsanctified
fire. 0.0
I have heard this there. 0.0
I tell thee, O Bharata, such has not been
the fate of Vichitraviryya. 0.0
It has been heard by us that when the old
king endued with great intelligence and subsisting on air alone entered
the woods (after his return from Gangadwara), he caused his sacrificial
fires to be duly ignited. 0.45
Having performed his sacred rites therewith, he
abandoned them all. 0.0
Then the Yajaka Brahmanas he had with him cast off
those fires in a solitary part of the woods and went away as they liked
on other errands, O foremost one of Bharata's race. 0.2375
The fire thus cast
off grew in the woods. 0.0
It then produced a general conflagration in the
forest. 0.05000000000000002
Even this is what I have heard from the ascetics dwelling on the
banks of Ganga. 0.0
United with that (sacred) fire of his own, O chief of the
Bharatas, the king, as I have already said unto thee, met with death on
the banks of Ganga. 0.6
O sinless one, this is what the ascetics have told
me,--those, viz., whom I saw on the banks of the sacred Bhagirathi, O
Yudhishthira. 0.0
Thus O lord of Earth, king Dhritarashtra, coming into
contact with his own sacred fire, departed from this world and attained
to that high goal that has been his. 0.38
Through service rendered by her to
her seniors, thy mother, O lord of men, has attained to very great
success. 0.65
There is not the slightest doubt of this. 0.0
It behoveth thee, O
king of kings, to now discharge the rites of water to their honour, with
all thy brothers. 0.0
Let, therefore, the necessary steps be taken towards
that end.' 0.0
"Vaisampayana continued,--'Then that lord of Earth, that foremost of men,
that upholder of the burthens of the Pandavas, went out, accompanied by
all his brothers as well as the ladies of his household. 0.0
The inhabitants
of the city as also those of the provinces, impelled by their loyalty,
also went out. 0.0
They all proceeded towards the banks of Ganga, every one
clad in only single peace of raiment. -0.03571428571428571
Then all those foremost of men,
having plunged into the stream, placed Yuyutsu at their head, and began
to offer oblations of water unto the high-souled king. 0.0
And they also gave
similar oblations unto Gandhari and Pritha, naming each separately and
mentioning their families. 0.0
Having finished those rites that cleanse the
living, they came back but without entering their capital took up their
residence outside of it. 0.0
They also despatched a number of trusted people
well conversant with the ordinances relating to the cremation of the
dead, to Gangadwara where the old king had been burnt to death. -0.05
The king,
having rewarded those men beforehand, commanded them to accomplish those
rites of cremation which the bodies of Dhritarashtra and Gandhari and
Kunti still awaited. 0.0
[62] On twelfth day, the king, properly purified,
duly performed the Sraddhas of his deceased relations, which were
characterised by gifts in abundance. 0.0
Referring to Dhritarashtra,
Yudhishthira made many gifts of gold and silver, of kine and costly beds. 0.5
Uttering the names of Gandhari and Pritha, the king, endued with great
energy, made many excellent gifts. 0.7666666666666666
Every man received what thing he
wished and as much of it as he wished. 0.2
Beds and food, and cars and
conveyances, and jewels and gems, and other wealth were given away in
profusion. -0.125
Indeed, the king referring to his two mothers, gave away cars
and conveyances, robes and coverlets, various kinds of food, and female
slaves adorned with diverse ornaments. 0.0
Having thus made many kinds of
gifts in profusion, that lord of Earth then entered his capital called
after the elephant. 0.5
Those men who had gone to the banks of Ganga at the
command of the king, having disposed of (by cremation) the remains of the
king and two queens, returned to the city. 0.0
Having duly honoured those
remains with garlands and scents of diverse kinds and disposed of them,
they informed Yudhishthira of the accomplishment of their task. 0.0
The great
Rishi Narada, having comforted king Yudhishthira of righteous soul, went
away to where he liked. 0.7
Even thus did king Dhritarashtra make his exit
from this world after having passed three years in the forest and ten and
five years in the city. 0.0
Having lost all his children in battle, he had
many gifts in honour of his kinsmen, relatives, and friends, his brethren
and own people. 0.55
King Yudhishthira after the death of his uncle, became
very cheerless. 0.2
Deprived of his kinsmen and relatives, he somehow bore
the burthen of sovereignty. 0.0
One should listen with rapt attention to this Asramavasika Parvan, and
having heard it recited, one should feed Brahmanas with Habishya,
honouring them with scents and garlands."' 0.0
The end of Asramavasika Parvan. 0.0
FOOTNOTES
1. 0.0
The derivation of Aralikas is explained by Nilakantha thus; Potherbs
cut off with a kind of weapon called Ara are called Aralu. 0.6
They who were
expert in cooking those potherbs were called Aralikas. 0.0
Ragakhandava was
manufactured from piper longum, dry ginger, sugar, and the juice of
Phaseolus Mango. -0.06666666666666665
2. 0.0
It will be remembered, Earth, unable to bear her load of population,
prayed to the Grandsire for lightening that load. -0.5
The Grandsire urged
Vishnu to do the needful. 0.0
Hence Vishnu incarnated himself as Krishna and
brought about a lightening of Earth's load. 0.0
3. 0.0
Mahadana implies such gifts as elephants, boats, cars, horses, etc. 0.0
Everybody does not accept these gifts, for their acceptance causes a
Brahmana to fall away from his status. 0.0
4. 0.0
Some of the Bengal texts read avimukham hatah for abhimukam hatah. 0.0
The
sense is the same. 0.0
5. 0.0
The king gets a sixth share of the penances performed by the Rishis
living under his protection. 0.0
The demerit, again, of all evil deeds done
within his realm is shared by the king, for such deeds become possible
through absence of supervision by the king. -0.253125
6. 0.0
Formerly kings and noblemen wore jewels and medicinal herbs on their
arms. 0.0
The last were enclosed in drum-like capsules of gold, hermetically
closed on both sides. -0.05
It was believed that jewels and medicinal herbs are
a great protection against many evils. 0.65
7. 0.0
The eight limbs of a kingdom are the law, the judge, the assessors,
the scribe, the astrologer, gold, fire, and water. 0.0
8. 0.0
Atta is explained by Nilakantha as the space kept for the soldiers to
tread upon. 0.0
9. 0.0
Grass may conceal the spies of foes. 0.0
The darkness of night also may do
the same. 0.0
10. 0.0
Adanaruchi is a very civil way of indicating corrupt officials and
thieves. -0.15
Inflictors of severe punishments were looked upon as tyrants
deserving of being put down. 0.2222222222222222
Heavy fines were at one time interdicted in
England. -0.2
Sahasapriya is a doer of rash deeds, such as culpable homicide
not amounting to murder, to adopt the terminology of the Indian Penal
Code. 0.0
11. 0.0
i.e., content to work on receiving their food only. 0.0
Their wages
should not be higher that' what is needed to feed them. 0.25
12. 0.0
The word Mandala has been explained below in verse 5. 0.0
The distinction
between Udasinas and Madhyasthas, as explained by Nilakantha, is that the
former are neutrals, while the latter are those who cherish equal
sentiments towards both the parties. 0.0
13. 0.0
The four kinds of foes, as explained by the commentator, are (1) foes
proper, (2) allies of foes, (3) those that wish victory to both sides,
and (4) those that wish defeat to both sides. 0.0
As regards Atatayins, they
are six, viz., (1) he that sets fire to one's house, (2) he that mixes
poison with one's food, (3) he that advances, weapon in hand, with
hostile intent, (4) he that robs one of one's wealth, (5) he that invades
one's fields, and (6) he that steals one's wife. 0.0
14. 0.0
The sixty are thus made up. 0.0
Eight consisting of agriculture and the
rest; twenty-eight consisting of forces and the rest; fourteen consisting
of atheists and the rest and eighteen consisting of counsels and the rest. 0.0
15. 0.0
i.e., land that is fertile, gold that is pure, and men that are
strong. 0.32380952380952377
16. 0.0
The wards Kasyanchidapadi should be construed with what follows. 0.0
17. 0.0
The cane yields when pressure is directed towards it. 0.0
In the Santi
Parva occurs the detailed conversation between the Ocean and the Rivers. 0.4
The former enquired why, when the Rivers washed down the largest trees,
they could not wash into the Ocean a single cane. -0.07566137566137567
The answer was that the
cane was yielding; the trees were not so. 0.0
18. 0.0
War and peace are each of two kinds, i.e., war with a strong foe and
that with a weak foe: peace with a strong foe and that with a weak foe. 0.029166666666666646
The Bengal texts wrongly read dividhopayam or vividhopayam. -0.5
19. 0.0
I expand this verse a little, following the commentator. -0.09375
20. 0.0
Strength is of three kinds, as explained in the next verse. 0.0
21. 0.0
Utsaha is readiness or alacrity, of the forces to attack the foe:
prabhusakti is the complete mastery of the king over his forces, i.e.,
through discipline. 0.1
By strength of counsels, in this connection, is meant
well-formed plans of attack and defence. 0.0
22. 0.0
Maulam is explained as the strength of money. 0.0
In modern warfare also,
money is called 'the sinews of war'. 0.2
Atavivala or the force consisting of
foresters, was, perhaps, the body of Irregulars that supported a regular
army of combatants. 0.0
Bhritavala implies the regular army, drawing pay from
the state at all times. 0.0
In India, standing armies have existed from
remote times. -0.1
Sreni-vala is, perhaps, the forces of artisans, mechanics,
and engineers, who looked after the roads and the transport, as also of
traders who supplied the army with provision. 0.0
23. 0.0
A sakata array was an array after the form of a car. 0.0
It is described
in Sukraniti fully, and occurs in the Drona Parva, ante. 0.0
The Padma is a
circular array with angular projections. 0.0
It is the same with what is now
called the starry with angular projections. 0.0
It is the same what is now
called the starry array, many modern forts being constructed on this
plan. 0.2333333333333333
The Vajra is a wedge-like array. 0.0
It penetrates into the enemy's
divisions like a wedge and goes out, routing the foe. 0.0
It is otherwise
called suchivyuha. 0.0
24. 0.0
i.e., meet the foe whether within his own kingdom or invade the foe's
realm and thus oblige the foe to fall back for resisting him there. 0.3
25. 0.0
i.e., for obtaining fame here and felicity hereafter. 0.0
26. 0.0
Those who die become at first what is called Preta. 0.25
They remain so
for one year, till the Sapindikarana Sraddha is performed. 0.0
They then
become united with the Pitris. 0.0
The gifts made in the first Sraddha as
also in the monthly ones, have the virtue of rescuing the Preta or
bringing him an accession of merit. 0.25
The gifts in annual Sraddhas also
have the same efficacy. 0.0
27. 0.0
The text in verse 2, where mention is made of thousands of years as
embracing the rule of Yudhishthira, is evidently vitiated. 0.25
28. 0.0
The correct reading is jane and not kshane. 0.0
29. 0.0
'It is difficult to imagine why the rider of the Sindhus, Jayadratha,
only should be regarded as a wrong-doer to the Pandavas. -0.25
In the matter of
the slaying of Abhimanyu he played a very minor part, by only guarding
the entrance of the array against the Pandava warriors. -0.0325
It is true he had
attempted to abduct Draupadi from the forest retreat of the Pandavas, but
even in this, the wrong was not so great as that which Duryodhana and
others inflicted on the Pandavas by dragging Draupadi to the court of the
Kurus. 0.21666666666666667
30. 0.0
The usual way in which gifts are made at the present day on occasions
of Sraddhas and marriages or other auspicious rites very nearly resembles
what is described here. -0.06125
Instead of dedicating each gift with mantras and
water and making it over to the receiver, all the articles in a heap are
dedicated with the aid of mantras. 0.0
The guests are then assembled, and are
called up individually. 0.0
The Adhyaksha or superintendent, according to a
list prepared, names the gifts to be made to the guest called up. 0.0
The
tellers actually make them over, the scribes noting them down. -0.07777777777777779
31. 0.0
Each gift that was indicated by Dhritarashtra was multiplied ten
times at the command of Yudhishthira. 0.0
32. 0.0
As Dhritarashtra was blind, his queen Gandhari, whose devotion to her
lord was very great, had, from the days of her marriage, kept her eyes
bandaged refusing to look on the world which her lord could not see. 0.25
33. 0.0
Nilakantha explains that as Dhritarashtra is Pandu's elder brother,
therefore, Kunti regards him as Pandu's father. 0.0
Queen Gandhari therefore
is Kunti's mother-in-law. 0.0
The eldest brother is looked upon as a father. 0.0
34. 0.0
To live watching the faces of others is to live in dependence on
others. 0.13636363636363635
35. 0.0
It has been pointed out before that mahadana means gifts of such
things as elephants, horses, cars and other vehicles, boats, etc. -0.0625
The
giver wins great merit by making them, but the receiver incurs demerit by
acceptance, unless he happens to be a person of exceptional energy. 0.5888888888888889
To
this day, acceptors of such gifts are looked upon as fallen men. 0.0
36. 0.0
The words that Kunti spoke were just. 0.0
The opposition her sons offered
was unreasonable. 0.0
Hence, their shame. 0.0
37. 0.0
'Brahmi night' implies a night in course of which sacred hymns are
sung. 0.0
38. 0.0
Nakharaprasa-yodhina, Nilakantha explains, are those combatants who
are armed with tiger-like claws made of iron and tied to their waists. 0.0
39. 0.0
Suradevata is like karivringhati or govalivardda. 0.0
40. 0.0
Ulupi is implied. 0.0
41. 0.0
Implying the unfair character of the fight, for one on the earth
should never be assailed by one on his car. -0.5
42. 0.0
Yudhishthira was Dharma's self, Vidura also was Dharma born as a
Sudra through the curse of the Rishi Animandavya. 0.0
Both, therefore, were
of the same essence. 0.0
When Vidura left his human body, he entered the body
of Yudhishthira and thus the latter felt himself strengthened greatly by
the accession. 0.2
43. 0.0
Nilakantha here implies the peacock and not the blue jay, for the
word keka is applied to the notes of the peacock alone. 0.0
Datyuhas are
gallinules or a species of Chatakas whose cry resembles, Phatik
jal--phatik jal--phatik jal! 0.0
repeated very distinctly, the second
syllable being lengthened greatly. 0.39666666666666667
44. 0.0
Audumvaran is an adjective of kalasan. 0.0
It means 'made of copper'. 0.0
Praveni is a kutha or blanket. 0.0
Sruk is a ladle having the cup like cavity
at one extremity only. 0.0
Sruv is a ladle having cup-like cavities at both
extremities. 0.0
45. 0.0
Whenever a Brahmana cursed another, his penances underwent a
diminution. 0.0
Forgiveness was the highest virtue of the Brahmana. 0.0
His power
lay in forgiveness. 0.0
Hence, when Mandavya cursed Dharma, he had to spend a
portion of his hard-earned penances. 0.0
Previously, the plea of minority or
non-age could not be urged in the court of Dharma. -0.16666666666666666
Mandavya forced Dharma
to admit that plea in the matter of punishment for offences. -0.30000000000000004
46. 0.0
Both Dharana and Dhyana are processes or, rather, stages of Yoga. 0.0
The
former implies the fixing of the mind on one thing; the latter is the
abstraction of the mind from surrounding objects. 0.0
47. 0.0
Valhika was the sire of Somadatta and the grandsire of Bhurisravas. 0.0
Valhika, therefore, was the grand-father-in-law of the lady mentioned by
Gandhari. 0.0
48. 0.0
The puissance here referred to is that of Anima, Laghima, etc. 0.0
i.e.,
the capacity of becoming minute and subtile, etc. 0.45
49. 0.0
The sense is that those had been incarnated as human beings and
fighting with one another met with death as regards their human existence. 0.0
50. 0.0
Nilakantha explains that anayasakritani karma implies the religion of
Nivritti, for the religion of Pravritti consists of acts that require
ayasa or exertion for their accomplishment. 0.0
The religion of Nivritti or
abstention from acts is said hereto be true and superior, and productive
of real fruit, in the form, that is, of Emancipation. 0.4166666666666666
The soul, however,
in the generality of cases, united with ebhih, by which is meant
ayasa-kritam karma, that is, the acts done in pursuance of the religion
of Pravritti, becomes embodied and, therefore, enjoys happiness or
endures misery as the case may be. 0.7
51. 0.0
The sense seems to be this--when a creature stands before a mirror,
its image is formed in the mirror; such reflection, however, never
affects the mirror in the least, for when the object leaves the vicinity
of the mirror, the image or reflection vanishes away. -0.15
The soul is like
the mirror. 0.0
Pleasure and pain are like reflections in it. 0.0
They come and
go away without the soul being at all modified by them in anyway. 0.0
Pleasure and pain are destructible, but not so the soul. 0.0
52. 0.0
The ordinary man thinks this conglomeration of diverse objects to be
his self. -0.25
The man of wisdom who has exhausted his acts does not think so. -0.4
He is freed from the obligation of taking a body. 0.0
53. 0.0
The sense probably is this. 0.0
En the case of ordinary men, the
component parts of the body dissolve away, while Yogins can keep such
parts from dissolution as long as they like. -0.09999999999999999
54. 0.0
The sense is, the deities bear away to the next world the animals
slain in sacrifices Through the bodies of such animals are apparently
destroyed, yet their life-breaths and senses continue to exist. 0.016666666666666666
55. 0.0
The sense is that as wives etc., when lost, are sources of sorrow,
wise men should abstain from contracting such relations. 0.35
They might then
be free from sorrow. 0.4
56. 0.0
Paraparajnah is one that understands the distinction between body and
sell. 0.0
Apara is, therefore, one that is not possessed of such knowledge;
hence, as Nilakantha explains, it implies one who has not attained to
Jnana nishtha. 0.0
What is said in the second line is that he that adores
saguna Brahma, succeeds afterwards, through such adoration, in reaching
to nirguna Brahma. 0.2333333333333333
57. 0.0
The sense seems to be this: we spring from the unmanifest and
disappear once more in the unmanifest. 0.5
The Bengal texts read the first
line incorrectly. 0.25
It is adarsanalapatitah. 0.0
The second line is
unintelligible. 0.0
Naham tam vedini is taken by Nilakantha as implying 'I do
not know him,' i.e., him that is Emancipate. 0.0
Asau cha no vetti mam is
explained as a due to karanabhat. -0.125
But who is asau? 0.0
'I have no
renunciation,' or 'renunciation is not yet mine,' implies that
Emancipation, which directly flows from renunciation, is not mine. 0.1
58. 0.0
What is stated here is that if a man does an act that is bad, its
consequences he will have to endure in a human body. -0.3499999999999999
The same with regard
to rewards. 0.0
By doing a meritorious act in one's human form, one will
enjoy its good consequences in one's human body. 0.275
So acts done mentally
affect the mind and those done with the body affect the body. -0.1
It should be noted that the whole of the above translation is offered
tentatively. 0.1
A verbal rendering has been attempted. 0.0
The chain of
reasoning is not at all clear. 0.10000000000000002
The commentator has done much to elucidate
the sense, but the original obscurities have scarcely been removed. 0.2875
59. 0.0
The Bengal reading manah is incorrect. 0.0
It should be punah. 0.0
60. 0.0
Nripam pradakshinam chakru is the construction. 0.0
Nivarana has
snanapanat understood after it. 0.0
61. 0.0
Vikarshanam is emaciation of the body by abstention from all food. 0.0
62. 0.0
The verb anvacat from root sas can govern two objectives. 0.0
Here the
two objectives are purushan and krityani
The Mahabharata
of
Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa
BOOK 16
Mausala-parva
Translated into English Prose from the Original Sanskrit Text
by
Kisari Mohan Ganguli
[1883-1896]
Scanned and Proofed by Mantra Caitanya. 0.1875
Additional proofing and
formatting at sacred-texts.com, by J. 0.0
B. Hare, October 2003. 0.0
1
Om! 0.0
Having bowed down unto Narayana, and to Nara, the foremost of men, as
also to the goddess Sarasvati, should the word "Jaya" be uttered. -0.15555555555555559
Vaishampayana said: "When the thirty-sixth year (after the battle) was
reached, the delighter of the Kurus, Yudhishthira, beheld many unusual
portents. 0.35
Winds, dry and strong, and showering gravels, blew from every
side. 0.18333333333333332
Birds began to wheel, making circles from right to left. 0.14285714285714285
The great
rivers ran in opposite directions. 0.4
The horizon on every side seemed to be
always covered with fog. 0.0
Meteors, showering (blazing) coals, fell on the
Earth from the sky. 0.0
The Suns disc, O king, seemed to be always covered
with dust. 0.0
At its rise, the great luminary of day was shorn of splendour
and seemed to be crossed by headless trunks (of human beings). 0.4
Fierce
circles of light were seen every day around both the Sun and the Moon. 0.4
These circles showed three hues. 0.0
Their edges seemed to be black and rough
and ashy-red in colour. -0.13333333333333333
These and many other omens, foreshadowing fear
and danger, were seen, O king, and filled the hearts of men with anxiety. 0.25833333333333336
A little while after, the Kuru king Yudhishthira heard of the wholesale
carnage of the Vrishnis in consequence of the iron bolt. -0.1875
The son of
Pandu, hearing that only Vasudeva and Rama had escaped with life,
summoned his brothers and took counsel with them as to what they should
do. 0.0
Meeting with one another, they became greatly distressed upon hearing
that the Vrishnis had met with destruction through the Brahmanas rod of
chastisement. 0.8
The death of Vasudeva, like the drying up of the ocean,
those heroes could not believe. 0.0
In fact the destruction of the wielder of
Saranga was incredible to them. 0.9
Informed of the incident about the iron
bolt, the Pandavas became filled with grief and sorrow. -0.2
In fact, they sat
down, utterly cheerless and penetrated with blank despair." -0.051851851851851864
Janamejaya said: "Indeed, O holy one, how was it that the Andhakas along
with Vrishnis, and those great car-warriors, the Bhojas, met with
destruction in the very sight of Vasudeva?" 0.5
Vaishampayana continued: "When the thirty-sixth year was reached (after
the great battle) a great calamity overtook the Vrishnis. 0.8
Impelled by
Time, they all met with destruction in consequence of the iron bolt." 0.0
Janamejaya said: "Cursed by whom did those heroes, the Vrishnis, the
Andhakas, and the Bhojas, met with destruction? 0.0
O foremost regenerate
persons, do thou tell me this in detail. 0.0
Vaishampayana continued: "One day, the Vrishni heroes numbering Sarana
amongst them, saw Vishvamitra and Kanwa and Narada arrived at Dwaraka. 0.0
Afflicted by the rod of chastisement wielded by the deities, those
heroes, causing Samva to be disguised like a woman, approached those
ascetics and said, This one is the wife of Vabhru of immeasurable energy
who is desirous of having a son. 0.0
Ye Rishis, do you know for certain what
this one will bring forth? 0.21428571428571427
"Hear now, O king, what those ascetics, attempted to be thus deceived,
said: This heir of Vasudeva, by name Samva, will bring forth a fierce
iron bolt for the destruction of the Vrishnis and the Andhakas. 0.0
Ye wicked
and cruel ones, intoxicated with pride, through that iron bolt ye will
become the exterminators of your race with the exception of Rama and
Janarddana. -1.0
The blessed hero armed with the plough will enter the ocean,
casting off his body, while a hunter of the name of Jara will pierce the
high-souled Krishna while lying on the ground. 0.0
"Endeavoured to be deceived by those wicked ones, those ascetics, with
eyes red in wrath, looked at each other and uttered those words. -0.0625
Having
said so they then proceeded to see Keshava. 0.0
The slayer of Madhu, informed
of what had taken place, summoned all the Vrishnis and told them of it. 0.0
Possessed of great intelligence and fully acquainted with what the end of
his race would be, he simply said that that which was destined would
surely happen. 0.45
Hrishikesa having said so, entered his mansion. 0.0
The Lord
of the universe did not wish to ordain otherwise. 0.0
When the next day came,
Samva actually brought forth an iron bolt through which all the
individuals in the race of the Vrishnis and the Andhakas became consumed
into ashes. 0.0
Indeed, for the destruction of the Vrishnis and the Andhakas,
Samva brought forth, through that curse, a fierce iron bolt that looked
like a gigantic messenger of death. 0.0
The fact was duly reported to the
king. 0.0
In great distress of mind, the king (Ugrasena) caused that iron
bolt to be reduced into fine powder. 0.6083333333333334
Men were employed, O king, to cast
that powder into the sea. 0.0
At the command of Ahuka, of Janarddana, of
Rama, and of the high-souled Vabhru, it was, again, proclaimed throughout
the city that from that day, among all the Vrishnis and the Andhakas no
one should manufacture wines and intoxicating spirits of any kind, and
that whoever would secretly manufacture wines and spirits should be
impaled alive with all his kinsmen. 0.09999999999999998
Through fear of the king, and knowing
that it was the command of Rama also of unimpeachable deeds, all the
citizens bound themselves by a rule and abstained from manufacturing
wines and spirits." 0.0
2
Vaishampayana said: "While the Vrishnis and the Andhakas were thus
endeavouring (to avoid the impending calamity), the embodied form of Time
(death) every day wandered about their houses. 0.0
He looked like a man of
terrible and fierce aspect. -1.0
Of bald head, he was black and of tawny
complexion. -0.16666666666666666
Sometimes he was seen by the Vrishnis as he peered into their
houses. 0.0
The mighty bowmen among the Vrishnis shot hundreds and thousands
of shafts at him, but none of these succeeded in piercing him, for he was
none else than the Destroyer of all creatures. 0.4
Day by day strong winds
blew, and many were the evil omens that arose, awful and foreboding the
destruction of the Vrishnis and the Andhakas. -0.26666666666666666
The streets swarmed with
rats and mice. 0.0
Earthen pots showed cracks or broke from no apparent
cause. -0.025
At night, the rats and mice ate away the hair and nails of
slumbering men. 0.0
Sarikas chirped, sitting within the houses of the
Vrishnis. 0.0
The noise made by those birds ceased not for even a short while
by day or by night. 0.0
The Sarashas were heard to imitate the hooting of the
owl, and goats imitated the cries, O Bharata, of jackals. 0.0
Many birds
appeared, impelled by Death, that were pale of complexion but that had
legs red of hue. 0.09666666666666668
Pigeons were seen to always disport in the houses of the
Vrishnis. 0.0
Asses were born of kine, and elephants of mules. 0.0
Cats were born
of bitches, and mouse of the mongoose. 0.0
The Vrishnis, committing sinful
acts, were not seen to feel any shame. 0.0
They showed disregard for
Brahmanas and the Pitris and the deities, They insulted and humiliated
their preceptors and seniors. 0.0
Only Rama and Janardana acted differently. 0.0
Wives deceived their husbands, and husbands deceived their wives. 0.0
Fires,
when ignited, cast their flames towards the left. 0.0
Sometimes they threw
out flames whose splendour was blue and red. 0.0
The Sun, whether when rising
or setting over the city, seemed to be surrounded by headless trunks of
human form. 0.0
In cook rooms, upon food that was clean and well-boiled, were
seen, when it was served out for eating, innumerable worms of diverse
kinds. 0.3666666666666667
When Brahmanas, receiving gifts, blessed the day or the hour
(fixed for this or that undertaking) or when high-souled men were engaged
in silent recitations, the heavy tread was heard of innumerable men
running about, but no one could be seen to whom the sound of such tread
could be ascribed. 0.06000000000000001
The constellations were repeatedly seen to be struck
by the planets. 0.0
None amongst the Yadavas could, however, obtain a sight
of the constellation of his birth. 0.0
When the Panchajanya was blown in
their houses, asses of dissonant and awful voice brayed aloud from every
direction. -1.0
"Beholding these signs that indicated the perverse course of
Time, and seeing that the day of the new moon coincided with the
thirteenth (and the fourteenth) lunation, Hrishikesa, summoning the
Yadavas, said unto them these words: The fourteenth lunation has been
made the fifteenth by Rahu once more. 0.3181818181818182
Such a day had happened at the time
of the great battle of the Bharatas. 0.4
It has once more appeared, it seems,
for our destruction. 0.5
"The slayer of Keshi, Janardana, thinking upon the
omens that Time showed, understood that the thirty-sixth year had come,
and that what Gandhari, burning with grief on account of the death of her
sons, and deprived of all her kinsmen, had said was about to transpire. -0.8
The present is exactly similar to that time when Yudhishthira noted at
such awful omens when the two armies had been arrayed in order of battle. -0.25
Vasudeva, having said so, endeavoured to bring about those occurrences
which would make Gandharis words true. 0.35
That chastiser of foes commanded
the Vrishnis to make a pilgrimage to some sacred water. 0.0
The messengers
forthwith proclaimed at the command of Keshava that the Vrishnis should
make a journey to the sea-coast for bathing in the sacred waters of the
ocean." 0.0
3
Vaishampayana said: "At that time the Vrishni ladies dreamed every night
that a woman of black complexion and white teeth, entering their abodes,
laughed aloud and ran through Dvaraka, snatching from them the auspicious
threads in their wrists. 0.17777777777777778
The men dreamt that terrible vultures, entering
their houses and fire-chambers, gorged themselves on their bodies. -1.0
Their
ornaments and umbrellas and standards and armour were seen to be taken
away by terrible Rakshasas. -1.0
In the very sight of the Vrishnis, the discus
of Krishna, given by Agni, made of iron and having its nave composed of
hardest adamant, ascended into the firmament. 0.15000000000000002
In the very sight of
Daruka, the excellent car of Vasudeva, of solar effulgence, and properly
equipped, was taken away by the horses yoked unto it. 0.39999999999999997
Those foremost of
steeds, numbering four, (Saivya, Sugriva, Meghapushpa and Valahaka), and
endued with the speed of thought, fled away, dragging the car after them
along the surface of the ocean. 0.0
The two great standards of Krishnas car
and Valadevas car, that with the device of Garuda and that bearing the
device of the palmyra, which were reverently worshipped by those two
heroes, were taken away by Apsaras who, day and night, called upon the
Vrishnis and the Andhakas to set out on a pilgrimage to some sacred
water. 0.8
When these omens were seen and heard, those foremost of men, the
mighty car-warriors of the Vrishnis and the Andhakas, became desirous of
setting out, with their whole families, on a pilgrimage to some sacred
water. 0.30000000000000004
They prepared diverse kinds of viands and edibles and diverse
kinds of wines and meat. 0.0
The troops of the Vrishnis and the Andhakas,
blazing with beauty and endued with fierce energy, then set out from the
city on cars and steeds and elephants. 0.0
The Yadavas, then, with their
wives, proceeded to Prabhasa and took up their residence there, each in
the (temporary) habitation that was assigned to him, and all having an
abundance of provisions consisting of edibles and drink. 0.0
"Hearing that they had taken up their abode on the sea-coast, Uddhava,
the wisest of men, who was, besides, well-versed in Yoga, proceeded there
and took his leave (for departing). 0.0
Krishna, with joined hands, saluted
Uddhava, and seeing him bent on departing (from the world) and knowing
that the destructions of the Vrishnis was at hand, did not feel any
disposition to prevent him. 0.0
The mighty car-warriors among the Vrishnis
and the Andhakas, whose hour had come, then saw Uddhava proceed on his
great journey, filling the whole welkin with his splendour. 0.46666666666666673
The Vrishnis,
mixing with wine the food that had been cooked for high-souled Brahmanas,
gave it away unto monkeys and apes. 0.0
Those heroes of fierce energy then
began their high revels, of which drinking formed the chief feature, at
Prabhasa. 0.16
The entire field echoed with the blare of hundreds of trumpets
and abounded with actors and dancers plying their vocations. 0.0
In the very
sight of Krishna, Rama began to drink, with Kritavarma, Yuyudhana and
Gada; and Vabhru also did the same. 0.1
Then Yuyudhana, inebriated with wine,
derisively laughing at and insulting Kritavarma in the midst of that
assembly, said, What Kshatriya is there who, armed with weapons, will
slay men locked in the embraces of sleep and, therefore, already dead? -0.6
Hence, O son of Hridika, the Yadavas will never tolerate what thou hast
done. 0.0
When Yuyudhana had said these words, Pradyumna, that foremost of
car-warriors, applauded them, expressing his disregard for the son of
Hridika. 0.0
"Highly incensed at this, Kritavarma, emphasising his disregard for
Satyaki, by pointing to him with his left hand, said these words:
Professing thyself to be a hero, how couldst thou so cruelly slay the
armless Bhurishrava who, on the field of battle, ( gave up all hostile
intentions and) sat in praya? -0.27999999999999997
"Hearing these words of his, Keshava, that slayer of hostile heroes,
giving way to wrath, cast an angry glance at Kritavarma. -0.5
Then Satyaki
informed the slayer of Madhu as to how Kritavarma had behaved towards
Satrajit for taking away from him the celebrated gem Syamantaka. 0.35
Hearing
the narrative, Satyabhama, giving way to wrath and tears, approached
Keshava and sitting on his lap enhanced his anger (for Kritavarma). -0.7
Then
rising up in a rage, Satyaki said, I swear to thee by Truth that I shall
soon cause this one to follow in the wake of the five sons of Draupadi,
and of Dhrishtadyumna and Shikhandithey that were slain by this sinful
wretch, while they were asleep, with the assistance of Dronas son. 0.0
O thou
of slender waist, Kritavarmas period of life and fame have come to their
end. 0.0
"Having said these words, Satyaki rushed at Kritavarma and severed his
head with a sword in the very sight of Keshava. 0.2
Yuyudhana, having
achieved this feat, began to strike down others there present. -0.07777777777777779
Hrishikesa
ran to prevent him from doing further mischief. 0.0
At that time, however, O
monarch, the Bhojas and Andhakas, impelled by the perverseness of the
hour that had come upon them, all became as one man and surrounded the
son of Sini. 0.0
Janardana of mighty energy, knowing the character of the
hour, stood unmoved without giving way to anger at the sight of those
heroes rushing in wrath at Satyaki from every side. -0.14999999999999997
Urged by fate and
inebriated with drink, they began to strike Yuyudhana with the pots from
which they had been eating. 0.0
When the son of Sini was being thus
assaulted, Rukminis son became highly enraged. 0.16
He rushed forward for
rescuing Satyaki who was engaged with the Bhojas and the Andhakas. 0.0
Endued
with might of arms and wealth of energy, those two heroes exerted
themselves with great courage. 0.8
But as the odds were overwhelming, both of
them were slain in the very sight of Krishna. 0.35
The delighter of the Yadus,
beholding his own son, and the son of Sini too, slain, took up, in wrath,
a handful of the Eraka grass that grew there. 0.6
That handful of grass
became a terrible bolt of iron endued with the energy of the thunderbolt. -1.0
With it Krishna slew all those that came before him. 0.0
Then the Andhakas
and the Bhojas, the Saineyas and the Vrishnis, urged by Time, struck one
another in that fearful melee. -0.9
Indeed, O king, whoever amongst them took
up in wrath a few blades of the Eraka grass, these, in his hands, became
soon converted into a thunderbolt, O puissant one. -0.2
Every blade of grass
there was seen to be converted into a terrible iron bolt. -1.0
All this, know,
O king, was due to the curse denounced by Brahmanas. -0.125
He who hurled a
blade of grass saw that it pierced through even such things as were
utterly impenetrable. 0.0
In fact, every blade was seen to become a terrible
bolt having the force of thunder. -1.0
Son killed sire, and sire killed son, O
Bharata. -0.2
Inebriated with wine, they rushed and fell upon one another. 0.0
The
Kukuras and the Andhakas met with destruction like insects rushing at a
blazing fire. 0.0
As they were thus being slaughtered, no one among them
thought of escaping by fight. 0.0
Knowing that the hour of destruction had
come, the mighty-armed Keshava stood there, eyeing everything. 0.0
Indeed,
the slayer of Madhu stood, raising a bolt of iron formed of a blade of
grass. 0.0
Beholding that Samva was slain, as also Charudeshna and Pradyumna
and Aniruddha, Madhava became filled with rage. 0.4
Beholding Gada lying dead
on the ground, his wrath became enhanced. -0.2
The wielder of Sarnga and the
discus and the mace then exterminated the Vrishnis and the Andhakas. 0.0
Hear, O king, what that conquerer of hostile towns, Vabhru of mighty
energy and Daruka then said to Krishna, O holy one, a very large number
of men has been slain by thee. 0.3392857142857143
Turn now to where Rama has gone. 0.0
We wish
to go there where he has proceeded." 0.0
4
Vaishampayana said: "Then Daruka and Keshava and Vabhru left that spot,
following in the wake of Rama (for discovering his retreat). 0.0
They beheld
that hero of infinite energy sitting thoughtfully, reclining his back
against a tree, in a solitary spot of earth. 0.2
Finding Rama of great soul,
Krishna commanded Daruka, saying, Going to the Kurus, inform Partha of
this great slaughter of the Yadus. 0.8
Let Arjuna come here quickly, hearing
of the destruction of the Yadavas through the Brahmanas curse. 0.3333333333333333
"Thus addressed, Daruka, deprived of his senses by grief, proceeded on a
car to the (capital of the) Kurus. -0.8
After Daruka had gone away, Keshava,
seeing Vabhru waiting on him, told him these words: Do thou go quickly
for protecting the ladies. 0.3333333333333333
Let not robbers do them any injury, tempted by
the wealth (that is with them). 0.0
Thus commanded by Keshava, Vabhru, still
helpless with wine but cheerless at the slaughter of his kinsmen,
departed. 0.0
He had rested for a while by the side of Keshava, but as soon
as he had proceeded to a distance, the iron-bolt, attaching itself to a
mallet in the hands of a hunter, suddenly sprang of itself upon that
solitary survivor of the Yadava race and slew him, who also had been
included in the curse of the Brahmanas. 0.0
Beholding Vabhru slain, Keshava
of great energy addressed his elder brother and said, Do thou, O Rama
wait for me here till I place the ladies under the care of kinsmen. 0.8
"Entering the city of Dwaravati, Janardana said these words unto his
father, Do thou protect all the ladies of our house, till Dhananjaya
comes. 0.0
At the skirts of the forest Rama is waiting for me. 0.0
I shall meet
him today. 0.0
This great carnage of the Yadus has been beheld by me even as
I beheld before the carnage of those Kshatriyas who were the foremost
ones of Kurus race. 0.8
It is impossible for me to see this city of the
Yadavas without the Yadus beside me. -0.6666666666666666
Know that proceeding to the woods I
shall practise penances with Rama in my company. 0.0
Having said these words,
Krishna touched the feet of his father with his head, and quickly left
his presence. 0.0
Then a loud wail of sorrow arose from the ladies and
children of his house. 0.1
Hearing that loud sound of wailing uttered by the
weeping ladies, Keshava retraced his foot-steps and said unto them,
Arjuna will come here. 0.25
That foremost of man will relieve you of your
grief. -0.8
"Proceeding then to the forest, Keshava beheld Rama sitting in a solitary
spot thereof. 0.0
He also saw that Rama had set himself to Yoga and that from
out his mouth was issuing a mighty snake. 0.4
The colour of that snake was
white. 0.0
Leaving the human body (in which he had dwelt so long), that
high-souled naga of a 1,000 heads and having a form as large as that of a
mountain, endued besides with red eyes, proceeded along that way which
led to the ocean. 0.041071428571428564
Ocean himself, and many celestial snakes, and many
sacred Rivers were there, for receiving him with honour. 0.5
There were
Karkotaka and Vasuki and Takshaka and Prithusravas and Varuna and
Kunjara, and Misri and Sankha and Kumuda and Pundarika, and the
high-souled Dhritarashtra, and Hrada and Kratha and Sitikantha of fierce
energy, and Chakramanda and Atishanda, and that foremost of Nagas called
Durmukha, and Amvarisha, and king Varuna himself, O monarch. 0.0
Advancing
forward and offering him the Arghya and water to wash his feet, and with
diverse other rites, they all worshipped the mighty Naga and saluted him
by making the usual enquiries. 0.00833333333333334
"After his brother had thus departed from the (human) world, Vasudeva of
celestial vision, who was fully acquainted with the end of all things,
wandered for some time in that lonely forest thoughtfully. 0.2
Endued with
great energy he then sat down on the bare earth. 0.2314814814814815
He had thought before
this of everything that had been fore-shadowed by the words uttered by
Gandhari in former days. 0.0
He also recollected the words that Durvasas had
spoken at the time his body was smeared by that Rishi with the remnant of
the Payasa he had eaten (while a guest at Krishnas house). 0.0
The
high-souled one, thinking of the destruction of the Vrishnis and the
Andhakas, as also of the previous slaughter of the Kurus, concluded that
the hour (for his own departure from the world) had come. 0.21666666666666667
He then
restrained his senses (in Yoga). 0.0
Conversant with the truth of every
topic, Vasudeva, though he was the Supreme Deity, wished to die, for
dispelling all doubts and establishing a certainty of results (in the
matter of human existence), simply for upholding the three worlds and for
making the words of Atris son true. 0.11666666666666665
Having restrained all his senses,
speech, and mind, Krishna laid himself down in high Yoga. 0.0022222222222222088
"A fierce hunter of the name of Jara then came there, desirous of deer. 0.0
The hunter, mistaking Keshava, who was stretched on the earth in high
Yoga, for a deer, pierced him at the heel with a shaft and quickly came
to that spot for capturing his prey. 0.14777777777777776
Coming up, Jara beheld a man dressed
in yellow robes, rapt in Yoga and endued with many arms. 0.25
Regarding
himself an offender, and filled with fear, he touched the feet of
Keshava. 0.4
The high-souled one comforted him and then ascended upwards,
filling the entire welkin with splendour. 0.0
When he reached Heaven, Vasava
and the twin Ashvinis and Rudra and the Adityas and the Vasus and the
Viswedevas, and Munis and Siddhas and many foremost ones among the
Gandharvas, with the Apsaras, advanced to receive him. 0.45
Then, O king, the
illustrious Narayana of fierce energy, the Creator and Destroyer of all,
that preceptor of Yoga, filling Heaven with his splendour, reached his
own inconceivable region. 0.6
Krishna then met the deities and (celestial)
Rishis and Charanas, O king, and the foremost ones among the Gandharvas
and many beautiful Apsaras and Siddhas and Saddhyas. 0.675
All of them, bending
in humility, worshipped him. 0.0
The deities all saluted him, O monarch, and
many foremost of Munis and Rishis worshipped him who was the Lord of all. 0.5
The Gandharvas waited on him, hymning his praises, and Indra also
joyfully praised him." 0.0
5
Vaishampayana said: "Meanwhile Daruka, going to the Kurus and seeing
those mighty car-warriors, the son of Pritha, informed them of how the
Vrishnis had slain one another with iron bolts. 0.4
Hearing that the Vrishnis
along with the Bhojas and Andhakas and Kukuras had all been slain, the
Pandavas, burning with grief, became highly agitated. -0.32
Then Arjuna, the
dear friend of Keshava, bidding them farewell, set out for seeing his
maternal uncle. 0.0
He said that destruction would soon overtake everything. 0.0
Proceeding to the city of the Vrishnis with Daruka in his company, O
puissant king, that hero beheld that the city of Dwaraka looked like a
woman bereft of her husband. 0.0
Those ladies who had, before this, the very
Lord of the universe for their protector, were now lordless. 0.2
Seeing that
Partha had come for protecting them, they all set up a loud wail. 0.1
16,000
ladies had been wedded to Vasudeva. 0.0
Indeed, as soon as they saw Arjuna
arrive, they uttered a loud cry of sorrow. 0.1
As soon as the Kuru prince met
those beauteous ones deprived of the protection of Krishna and of their
sons as well, he was unable to look at them, his vision being obstructed
by tears. -0.5
The Dwaraka river had the Vrishnis and the Andhakas for its
water, steeds for its fishes, cars for its rafts, the sound of musical
instruments and the rattle of cars for its waves, houses and mansions and
public squares for its lakes. 0.13333333333333333
Gems and precious stones were its abundant
moss. 0.55
The walls of adamant were the garlands of flowers that floated on
it. 0.1
The streets and roads were the strong currents running in eddies
along its surface. 0.4333333333333333
The great open squares were the still large lakes in
its course. 0.33809523809523806
Rama and Krishna were its two mighty alligators. 0.4
That
agreeable river now seemed to Arjuna to be the fierce Vaitarani bound up
with Times net. 0.0
Indeed, the son of Vasava, endued with great
intelligence, beheld the city to look even thus, reft as it was of the
Vrishni heroes. 0.8
Shorn of beauty, and perfectly cheerless, it presented
the aspect of a lotus flower in the season of winter. 1.0
Beholding the sight
that Dwaraka presented, and seeing the numerous wives of Krishna, Arjuna
wailed aloud with eyes bathed in tears and fell down on the earth. -0.07777777777777779
Then
Satya, the daughter of Satrajit, and Rukmini too, O king, fell down
beside Dhananjaya and uttered loud wails of grief. -0.2851851851851852
Raising him then they
caused him to be seated on a golden seat. 0.3
The ladies sat around that
high-souled one, giving expression to their feelings. 0.0
Praising Govinda
and talking with the ladies, the son of Pandu comforted them and then
proceeded to see his maternal uncle." 0.0
6
Vaishampayana said: "The Kuru prince beheld the heroic and high-souled
Anakadundubhi lying on the ground and burning with grief on account of
his sons. -0.050000000000000044
The broad-chested and mighty-armed son of Pritha, more
afflicted than his uncle, with eyes bathed in tears, touched his uncles
feet, O Bharata. 0.5
The mighty-armed Anakadundubhi wished to smell the head
of his sisters son but failed to do it, O slayer of foes. -0.5
The old man of
mighty arms, deeply afflicted, embraced Partha with his arms and wept
aloud, remembering his sons, brothers, grandsons, daughters sons, and
friends. 0.16666666666666666
"Vasudeva said, Without beholding those heroes, O Arjuna, who had
subjugated all the kings of the Earth and the Daityas a hundred times, I
am still alive! 0.125
Methinks, I have no death! 0.0
Through the fault of those two
heroes who were thy dear disciples and who were much regarded by thee,
also, O Partha, the Vrishnis have been destroyed. 0.2
Those two who were
regarded as Atirathas amongst the foremost of the Vrishnis, and referring
to whom in course of conversation thou wert wont to indulge in pride, and
who, O chief of Kurus race, were ever dear to Krishna himselfalas, those
two, O Dhananjaya, have been the chief causes of the destruction of the
Vrishnis! 0.0
I do not censure the son of Sini or the son of Hridika, O
Arjuna. 0.0
I do not censure Akrura or the son of Rukmini. 0.0
No doubt, the
curse (of the Rishis) is the sole cause. 0.0
How is it that that lord of the
universe, the slayer of Madhu, who had put forth his prowess for
achieving the destruction of Kesin and Kansa, and Chaidya swelling with
pride, and Ekalavya, the son of the ruler of the Nishadas, and the
Kalingas and the Magadhas, and the Gandharas and the king of Kasi, and
many rulers assembled together in the midst of the desert, many heroes
belonging to the East and the South, and many kings of the mountainous
regionsalas, how could he remain indifferent to such a calamity as the
curse denounced by the Rishis? 0.375
Thyself, Narada, and the Munis, knew him
to be the eternal and sinless Govinda, the Deity of unfading glory. 0.0
Alas,
being puissant Vishnu himself, he witnessed, without interfering, the
destruction of his kinsmen! -0.5
My son must have himself allowed all this to
happen. 0.0
He was the Lord of the universe. 0.0
He did not, however, wish to
falsify the words of Gandhari and the Rishis, O scorcher of foes. 0.0
In thy
very sight, O hero, thy grandson, who had been slain by Ashvatthama, was
revived through his energy. 0.2
That friend, however, of yours did not wish
to protect his kinsmen. 0.0
Beholding his sons and grandsons and brothers and
friends lying dead, he said unto me these words, O chief of Bharatas
race, "The destruction of this our race has at last come. -0.1
Vibhatsu will
come to this city, Dwaravati. 0.0
Tell him what has occurred, this great
carnage of the Vrishnis. 0.8
I have no doubt that as soon as he will hear of
the destruction of the Yadus, that hero of mighty energy will come here
without any loss of time. 0.4
Know, O father, that I am Arjuna and Arjuna is
myself. 0.0
That should be done by thee which he would say. 0.0
The son of Pandu
will do what is best for the women and the children. 1.0
Even he will perform
thy funeral rites. 0.0
This city of Dwaravati, after Arjunas departure, will,
with its walls and edifices, be swallowed up by the ocean without any
delay. 0.0
As regards myself, retiring to some sacred place, I shall bide my
hour, with the intelligent Rama in my company, observing strict vows all
the while." 0.8
Having said these words unto me, Hrishikesa of inconceivable
prowess, leaving me with the children, has gone away to some spot which I
do not know. 0.0
Thinking of those two high-souled brothers of thine, as also
of the terrible carnage of my kinsmen, I have abstained from all food,
and am emaciated with grief. -0.9
I shall neither eat, nor live. 0.13636363636363635
By good luck
thou meetest me, O son of Pandu. 0.7
Do thou accomplish all, O Partha, that
Krishna has said. 0.0
This kingdom, with all these women, and all the wealth
here, is thine now, O son of Pritha. 0.0
As regards myself, O slayer of foes,
I shall cast off my life-breaths dear though they be." 0.0
7
Vaishampayana said: "That scorcher of foes, Vibhatsu, thus addressed by
his maternal uncle, replied, with great cheerlessness of heart, unto
Vasudeva who was equally cheerless, saying, O uncle, I am unable to look
at this Earth when she is reft of that hero of Vrishnis race and those my
other kinsmen. 0.04375000000000001
The king and Bhimasena and Sahadeva and Nakula and
Yajnaseni, numbering the sixth, are of the same mind with myself in this
matter. 0.0
The time has come for the departure of the king also. 0.0
Know this,
that the hour of our departure too is at hand. 0.0
Thou art the foremost of
those that are well conversant with the course of time. 0.0
I shall, however,
O chastiser of foes, first remove to Indraprastha the women of the
Vrishni race as also the children and the aged. 0.075
Having said so unto his
uncle, Arjuna next addressed Daruka, saying, I wish to see without any
delay the chief officers of the Vrishni heroes. 0.0
Having uttered these
words, the heroic Arjuna, grieving for those great car-warriors (who had
been slain), entered the great hall of the Yadavas (where they used to
hold their court), called Sudharma. 0.7666666666666666
When he had taken his seat there, all
the citizens, including the Brahmanas, and all the ministers of state
came and stood surrounding him. 0.0
Then Partha, more grieved than they,
addressed those grieving and cheerless citizens and officers who were
more dead than alive, and said these words that were well suited to the
occasion: I shall take away with me the remnants of the Vrishnis and the
Andhakas. 0.225
The sea will soon engulf this city. 0.0
Equip all your cars and
place on them all your wealth. 0.0
This Vajra (the grandson of Krishna) will
be your king at Shakraprastha. 0.0
On the seventh day from this, at sunrise,
we shall set out. 0.0
Make your preparations without delay. 0.0
"Thus addressed by Prithas son of pure deeds, all of them hastened their
preparations with eagerness for achieving their safety. 0.21428571428571427
Arjuna passed
that night in the mansion of Keshava. 0.0
He was suddenly overwhelmed with
great grief and stupefaction. 0.0
When morning dawned, Vasudeva of great
energy and prowess attained, through the aid of Yoga, to the highest
goal. 0.8
A loud and heart-rending sound of wailing was heard in Vasudevas
mansion, uttered by the weeping ladies. 0.25
They were seen with dishevelled
hair and divested of ornaments and floral wreaths. 0.0
Beating their breasts
with their hands, they indulged in heart-rending lamentations. 0.0
Those
foremost of women, Devaki and Bhadra and Rohini and Madira threw
themselves on the bodies of their lord. 0.0
Then Partha caused the body of
his uncle to be carried out on a costly vehicle borne on the shoulders of
men. 0.0
It was followed by all the citizens of Dwaraka and the people of the
provinces, all of whom, deeply afflicted by grief, had been well-affected
towards the deceased hero. -0.4
Before that vehicle were borne the umbrella
which had been held over his head at the conclusion of the
horse-sacrifice he had achieved while living, and also the blazing fires
he had daily worshipped, with the priests that had used to attend to
them. 0.0
The body of the hero was followed by his wives decked in ornaments
and surrounded by thousands of women and thousands of their
daughters-in-law. 0.0
The last rites were then performed at that spot which
had been agreeable to him while he was alive. 0.05
The four wives of that
heroic son of Sura ascended the funeral pyre and were consumed with the
body of their lord. 0.7
All of them attained to those regions of felicity
which were his. 0.0
The son of Pandu burnt the body of his uncle together
with those four wives of his, using diverse kinds of scents and perfumed
wood. 0.0
As the funeral pyre blazed up, a loud sound was heard of the
burning wood and other combustible materials, along with the clear chant
of Samans and the wailing of the citizens and others who witnessed the
rite. 0.11875000000000001
After it was all over, the boys of the Vrishni and Andhaka races,
headed by Vajra, as also the ladies, offered oblations of water to the
high-souled hero. 0.0
"Phalguna, who was careful in observing every duty, having caused this
duty to be performed, proceeded, O chief of Bharatas race, next to the
place where the Vrishnis were slaughtered. -0.05
The Kuru prince, beholding
them lying slaughtered all around, became exceedingly cheerless. 0.0
He,
however, did what was required to be done in view of that which had
happened. 0.0
The last rites were performed, according to the order of
seniority, unto the bodies of those heroes slain by the iron bolts born,
by virtue of the curse denounced by the Brahmanas, of the blades of Eraka
grass. 0.0
Searching out the bodies then of Rama and Vasudeva, Arjuna caused
them to be burnt by persons skilled in that act. 0.5
The son of Pandu, having
next performed duly those sraddha rites that are done to the dead,
quickly set out on the seventh day, mounting on his car. 0.04444444444444443
The widows of
the Vrishni heroes, wailing aloud, followed the high-souled son of Pandu. 0.0
Dhananjaya, on cars drawn by bullocks and mules and camels. 0.0
All were in
deep affliction. 0.0
The servants of the Vrishnis, their horsemen, and their
car-warriors too, followed the procession. 0.0
The citizens and the
inhabitants of the country, at the command of Prithas son, set out at the
same time and proceeded, surrounding that cavalcade destitute of heroes
and numbering only women and the aged and the children. -0.03333333333333333
The warriors who
fought from the backs of elephants proceeded on elephants as huge as
hills. 0.4000000000000001
The foot-soldiers also set out, together with the reserves. 0.0
The
children of the Andhaka and the Vrishni races, all followed Arjuna. 0.0
The
Brahmanas and Kshatriyas, and Vaisyas, and wealthy Sudras, set out,
keeping before them the 16,000 women that had formed Vasudevas harem, and
Vajra, the grandson of the intelligent Krishna. 0.65
The widows of the other
heroes of the Bhoja, the Vrishni, and the Andhaka races, lordless now,
that set out with Arjuna, numbered many millions. 0.1875
That foremost of
car-warriors, that conqueror of hostile towns, the son of Pritha,
escorted this vast procession of Vrishnis, which still abounded with
wealth, and which looked like a veritable ocean. 0.0
"After all the people had set out, the ocean, that home of sharks and
alligators, flooded Dvaraka, which still teemed with wealth of every
kind, with its waters. 0.6
Whatever portion of the ground was passed over,
ocean immediately flooded over with his waters. 0.0
Beholding this wonderful
sight, the inhabitants of Dvaraka walked faster and faster, saying,
Wonderful is the course of fate! 1.0
Dhananjaya, after abandoning Dvaraka,
proceeded by slow marches, causing the Vrishni women to rest in pleasant
forests and mountains and by the sides of delightful streams. 0.4777777777777777
Arrived at
the country of the five waters, the puissant Dhananjaya planted a rich
encampment in the midst of a land that abounded with corn and kine and
other animals. 0.125
Beholding those lordless widows escorted by Prithas son
alone O Bharata, the robbers felt a great temptation (for plunder). 0.8
Then
those sinful wretches, with hearts overwhelmed by cupidity, those Abhiras
of ill omen, assembled together and held a consultation. -0.5
They said, Here
there is only one bowman, Arjuna. 0.0
The cavalcade consists of children and
the old. 0.1
He escorts them, transgressing us. 0.0
The warriors (of the
Vrishnis) are without energy. 0.0
Then those robbers, numbering by thousands,
and armed with clubs, rushed towards the procession of the Vrishnis,
desirous of plunder. 0.0
Urged by the perverse course of time they fell upon
that vast concourse, frightening it with loud leonine shouts and desirous
of slaughter. -0.13333333333333333
The son of Kunti, suddenly ceasing to advance along the
path, turned, with his followers, towards the place where the robbers had
attacked the procession. 0.0
Smiling the while, that mighty-armed warrior
addressed the assailants, saying, You sinful wretches, forbear, if ye
love your lives. 0.5
Ye will rue this when I pierce your bodies with my
shafts and take your lives. 0.0
Though thus addressed by that hero, they
disregarded his words, and though repeatedly dissuaded, they fell upon
Arjuna. 0.0
Then Arjuna endeavoured to string his large, indestructible,
celestial bow with some effort. 0.21428571428571427
He succeeded with great difficulty in
stringing it, when the battle had become furious. 0.8
He then began to think
of his celestial weapons but they would not come to his mind. 0.0
Beholding
that furious battle, the loss of the might of his arm, and the
non-appearance of his celestial weapons, Arjuna became greatly ashamed. 0.8
The Vrishni warriors including the foot-soldiers, the elephant-warriors,
and the car-men, failed to rescue those Vrishni women that were being
snatched away by the robbers. -0.5
The concourse was very large. 0.2785714285714286
The robbers
assailed it at different points. 0.0
Arjuna tried his best to protect it, but
could not succeed. 1.0
In the very sightof all the warriors, many foremost of
ladies were dragged away, while others went away with the robbers of
their own accord. 0.4333333333333333
The puissant Arjuna, supported by the servants of the
Vrishnis, struck the robbers with shafts sped from Gandiva. 0.0
Soon,
however. 0.0
O king, his shafts were exhausted. -0.4
In former days his shafts had
been inexhaustible. 0.0
Now, however, they proved otherwise. 0.0
Finding his
shafts exhausted, he became deeply afflicted with grief. -0.4000000000000001
The son of Indra
then began to strike the robbers with the horns of his bow. 0.0
Those
Mlecchas, however, O Janamejaya, in the very sight of Partha, retreated,
taking away with them many foremost ladies of the Vrishnis and Andhakas. 0.35
The puissant Dhananjaya regarded it all as the work of destiny. 0.0
Filled
with sorrow he breathed heavy sighs at the thought of the non-appearance
of his (celestial) weapons, the loss of the might of his arms, the
refusal of his bow to obey him, and the exhaustion of his shafts. 0.1
Regarding it all as the work of destiny, he became exceedingly cheerless. 0.0
He then ceased, O king, to make further efforts, saying, he had not the
power which he had before. 0.0
The high-souled one, taking with him the
remnant of the Vrishni women, and the wealth that was still with them,
reached Kurukshetra. 0.0
Thus bringing with him the remnant of the Vrishnis. 0.0
he established them at different places. 0.0
He established the son of
Kritavarma at the city called Marttikavat, with the remnant of the women
of the Bhoja king. 0.0
Escorting the remainder, with children and old men and
women, the son of Pandu established them, who were reft of heroes, in the
city of Indraprastha. 0.1
The dear son of Yuyudhana, with a company of old
men and children and women, the righteous-souled Arjuna established on
the banks of the Sarasvati. 0.1
The rule of Indraprastha was given to Vajra. 0.0
The widows of Akrura then desired to retire into the woods. 0.0
Vajra asked
them repeatedly to desist, but they did not listen to him. 0.0
Rukmini, the
princess of Gandhara, Saivya, Haimavati, and queen Jamvabati ascended the
funeral pyre. 0.0
Satyabhama and other dear wives of Krishna entered the
woods, O king, resolved to set themselves to the practice of penances. -0.125
They began to live on fruits and roots and pass their time in the
contemplation of Hari. 0.13636363636363635
Going beyond the Himavat, they took up their abode
in a place called Kalpa. 0.0
Those men who had followed Arjuna from
Dwaravati, were distributed into groups, and bestowed upon Vajra. 0.0
Having
done all these acts suited to the occasion, Arjuna, with eyes bathed in
tears, then entered the retreat of Vyasa. 0.0
There he beheld the Island-born
Rishi seated at his ease." 0.0
8
Vaishampayana said: "As Arjuna entered the asylum of the truthful Rishi,
he beheld the son of Satyavati seated in a secluded spot. 0.5
"Approaching that Rishi of high vows and endued with a knowledge of all
duties, he said, I am Arjuna, and then awaited his pleasure. 0.08
Satyavatis
son, endued with high penances, answered, saying Welcome! 0.58
Of tranquil
soul, the great Muni further said, Take thy seat. 0.4
Seeing that the son of
Pritha was exceedingly cheerless and breathing heavy sighs repeatedly and
filled with despair, Vyasa addressed him, saying, "Hast thou been
sprinkled with water from anybodys nails or hair, or the end of anybodys
cloth, or from the mouth of a jar? 0.1
Hast thou had sexual congress with any
woman before the cessation of her functional flow? 0.5
Hast thou slain a
Brahmana? 0.0
Hast thou been vanquished in battle? 0.0
Thou lookest like one
shorn of prosperity. 0.0
I do not know that thou hast been defeated by
anyone. 0.0
Why then, O chief of Bharatas race, this exceedingly dejected
aspect? 0.0
It behoveth thee, O son of Pritha, to tell me all, if, indeed,
there be no harm in telling it." 0.0
"Arjuna said, He whose complexion was like that of a (newly-risen) cloud,
he whose eyes were like a pair of large lotus petals, Krishna, has, with
Rama, cast off his body and ascended to Heaven. 0.21428571428571427
At Prabhasa, through iron
bolts generated by the curse denounced by Brahmanas, the destruction has
taken place of the Vrishni heroes. 0.0
Awful hath that carnage been, and not
even a single hero has escaped. -0.5357142857142857
The heroes of the Bhoja, the Andhaka, and
the Vrishni races, O Brahmana, who were all endued with high souls, great
might, and leonine pride, have slaughtered one another in battle. 0.48000000000000004
Possessed of arms that looked like maces of iron, and capable of bearing
the strokes of heavy clubs and darts, alas, they have all been slain with
blades of Eraka grass. -0.13333333333333333
Behold the perverse course of Time. 0.0
500,000
mighty-armed warriors have thus been laid low. 0.0
Encountering one another,
they have met with destruction. 0.0
Thinking repeatedly of this carnage of
the Yadava warriors of immeasurable energy and of the illustrious
Krishna, I fail to derive peace of mind. -0.5
The death of the wielder of
Sarnga is as incredible as the drying up of the ocean, the displacement
of a mountain, the falling down of the vault of heaven, or the cooling
property of fire. 0.37222222222222223
Deprived of the company of the Vrishni heroes, I desire
not to live in this world. 0.13636363636363635
Another incident has happened that is more
painful than this, O thou that art possessed of wealth of penances. -0.09999999999999998
Repeatedly thinking of it, my heart is breaking. 0.0
In my very sight, O
Brahmana, thousands of Vrishni ladies were carried away by the Abhiras of
the country of the five waters, who assailed us. 0.2
Taking up my bow I found
myself unequal to even string it. 0.0
The might that had existed in my arms
seemed to have disappeared on that occasion. 0.0
O great ascetic, my weapons
of diverse kinds failed to make their appearance. -0.06666666666666665
Soon, again, my shafts
became exhausted. -0.4
That person of immeasurable soul, of four arms,
wielding the conch, the discus, and the mace, clad in yellow robes, dark
of complexion, and possessing eyes resembling lotus-petals, is no longer
seen by me. -0.075
Alas, reft of Govinda, what have I to live for, dragging my
life in sorrow? -0.13181818181818183
He who used to stalk in advance of my car, that divine
form endued with great splendour and unfading puissance, consuming as he
proceeded all hostile warriors, can no longer be seen by me. 0.8
No longer
beholding him who by his energy first burnt all hostile troops whom I
afterwards despatched with shafts sped from Gandiva, I am filled with
grief and my head swims, O best of men. 0.2125
Penetrated with cheerlessness and
despair, I fail to obtain peace of mind. -0.5
I dare not live, reft of the
heroic Janardana. 0.3159090909090909
As soon as I heard that Vishnu had left the Earth, my
eyes became dim and all things disappeared from my vision. 0.05
O best of men,
it behoveth thee to tell me what is good for me now, for I am now a
wanderer with an empty heart, despoiled of my kinsmen and of my
possession. 0.5333333333333333
"Vyasa said, The mighty car-warriors of the Vrishni and the Andhaka races
have all been consumed by the Brahmanas curse. 0.4
O chief of Kurus race, it
behoveth thee not to grieve for their destruction. 0.0
That which has
happened had been ordained. 0.0
It was the destiny of those high-souled
warriors. 0.0
Krishna suffered it to take place although he was fully
competent to baffle it. 0.5
Govinda was able to alter the very course of the
universe with all its mobile and immobile creatures. 0.35
What need then be
said of the curse of even high-souled Brahmanas? 0.0
He who used to proceed
in front of thy car, armed with discus and mace, through affection for
thee, was the four-armed Vasudeva, that ancient rishi. 0.0
That high-souled
one of expansive eyes, Krishna, having lightened the burthen of the Earth
and cast off his (human) body, has attained to his own high seat. 0.25333333333333335
By thee
also, O foremost of men, with Bhima for thy helpmate and the twins, O
mighty-armed hero, has the great work of the gods been accomplished. 0.5
O
foremost one of Kurus race, I regard thee and thy brothers as crowned
with success, for ye have accomplished the great purpose of your lives. 0.43333333333333335
The time has come for your departure from the world. 0.0
Even this, O
puissant one, is what is beneficial for you now. 0.0
Even thus, understanding
and prowess and foresight, O Bharata, arise when days of prosperity have
not outrun. 0.0
These very acquisitions disappear when the hour of adversity
comes. 0.2
All this has Time for its root. 0.0
Time is, indeed, the seed of the
universe, O Dhananjaya. 0.0
It is Time, again, that withdraws everything at
its pleasure. 0.0
One becomes mighty, and, again, losing that might, becomes
weak. 0.012500000000000011
One becomes a master and rules others, and, again, losing that
position, becomes a servant for obeying the behests of others. 0.0
Thy
weapons, having achieved success, have gone away to the place they came
from. 0.3
They will, again, come into thy hands when the Time for their
coming approaches. 0.0
The time has come, O Bharata, for you all to attain to
the highest goal. 0.0
Even this is what I regard to be highly beneficial for
you all, O chief of Bharatas race." 0.16
Vaishampayana continued: "Having heard these words of Vyasa of
immeasurable energy, the son of Pritha, receiving his permission,
returned to the city named after the elephant. 0.0
Entering it, the hero
approached Yudhishthira and informed him of all that had taken place with
reference to the Vrishnis." 0.0
The end of Mausala-parv
The Mahabharata
of
Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa
BOOK 17
Mahaprasthanika-parva
Translated into English Prose from the Original Sanskrit Text
by
Kisari Mohan Ganguli
[1883-1896]
Scanned and Proofed by Mantra Caitanya. 0.1875
Additional proofing and
formatting at sacred-texts.com, by J. 0.0
B. Hare, October 2003. 0.0
1
Om! 0.0
Having bowed down unto Narayana, and to Nara, the foremost of men, as
also to the goddess Sarasvati, should the word "Jaya" be uttered. -0.15555555555555559
Janamejaya said: "Having heard of that encounter with iron bolts between
the heroes of the Vrishni and the Andhaka races, and having been informed
also of Krishnas ascension to Heaven, what did the Pandavas do?" 0.0
Vaishampayana said: "Having heard the particulars of the great slaughter
of the Vrishnis, the Kaurava king set his heart on leaving the world. 0.8
He
addressed Arjuna, saying, O thou of great intelligence, it is Time that
cooks every creature (in his cauldron). 0.8
I think that what has happened is
due to the cords of Time (with which he binds us all). -0.125
It behoveth thee
also to see it. 0.0
"Thus addressed by his brother, the son of Kunti only repeated the word
Time, Time! 0.0
and fully endorsed the view of his eldest brother gifted with
great intelligence. 0.65
Ascertaining the resolution of Arjuna, Bhimasena and
the twins fully endorsed the words that Arjuna had said. 0.0
Resolved to
retire from the world for earning merit, they brought Yuyutsu before
them. 0.0
Yudhishthira made over the kingdom to the son of his uncle by his
Vaisya wife. 0.0
Installing Parikshit also on their throne, as king, the
eldest brother of the Pandavas, filled with sorrow, addressed Subhadra,
saying, This son of thy son will be the king of the Kurus. 0.4
The survivor
of the Yadus, Vajra, has been made a king. 0.0
Parikshit will rule in
Hastinapura, while the Yadava prince, Vajra, will rule in Shakraprastha. 0.0
He should be protected by thee. 0.0
Never set thy heart on unrighteousness. 0.0
"Having said these words, king Yudhishthira the just, along with his
brothers, promptly offered oblations of water unto Vasudeva of great
intelligence, as also unto his old maternal uncle and Rama and others. 0.45
He
then duly performed the Sraddhas of all those deceased kinsmen of his. 0.0
The king, in honour of Hari and naming him repeatedly, fed the
Island-born Vyasa, and Narada, and Markandeya possessed of wealth of
penances, and Yajnavalkya of Bharadwajas race, with many delicious
viands. 0.75
In honour of Krishna, he also gave away many jewels and gems, and
robes and clothes, and villages, and horses and cars, and female slaves
by hundreds and thousands unto foremost of Brahmanas. 0.25
Summoning the
citizens. 0.0
Kripa was installed as the preceptor and Parikshit was made
over to him as his disciple, O chief of Bharatas race. 0.0
"Then Yudhishthira once more summoned all his subjects. 0.5
The royal sage
informed them of his intentions. 0.0
The citizens and the inhabitants of the
provinces, hearing the kings words, became filled with anxiety and
disapproved of them. 0.4
This should never be done, said they unto the king. 0.0
The monarch, well versed with the changes brought about by time, did not
listen to their counsels. 0.0
Possessed of righteous soul, he persuaded the
people to sanction his views. 0.0
He then set his heart on leaving the world. 0.0
His brothers also formed the same resolution. 0.0
Then Dharmas son,
Yudhishthira, the king of the Kurus, casting off his ornaments, wore
barks of trees. 0.0
Bhima and Arjuna and the twins, and Draupadi also of
great fame, similarly clad themselves in bark of trees, O king. 0.4
Having
caused the preliminary rites of religion, O chief of Bharatas race, which
were to bless them in the accomplishment of their design, those foremost
of men cast off their sacred fires into the water. 0.0
The ladies, beholding
the princes in that guise, wept aloud. 0.0
They seemed to look as they had
looked in days before, when with Draupadi forming the sixth in number
they set out from the capital after their defeat at dice. 0.0
The brothers,
however, were all very cheerful at the prospect of retirement. 0.52
Ascertaining the intentions of Yudhishthira and seeing the destruction of
the Vrishnis, no other course of action could please them then. 0.08125
"The five brothers, with Draupadi forming the sixth, and a dog forming
the seventh, set out on their journey. 0.0
Indeed, even thus did king
Yudhishthira depart, himself the head of a party of seven, from the city
named after the elephant. 0.0
The citizen and the ladies of the royal
household followed them for some distance. 0.0
None of them, however, could
venture to address the king for persuading him to give up his intention. 0.0
The denizens of the city then returned; Kripa and others stood around
Yuyutsu as their centre. 0.0
Ulupi, the daughter of the Naga chief, O thou of
Kuntis race, entered the waters of Ganga. 0.0
The princess Chitrangada set
out for the capital of Manipura. 0.0
The other ladies who were the
grandmothers of Parikshit centered around him. -0.125
Meanwhile the high-souled
Pandavas, O thou of Kurus race, and Draupadi of great fame, having
observed the preliminary fast, set out with their faces towards the east. 0.5
Setting themselves on Yoga, those high-souled ones, resolved to observe
the religion of Renunciation, traversed through various countries and
reached diverse rivers and seas. 0.0
Yudhishthira, proceeded first. 0.25
Behind
him was Bhima; next walked Arjuna; after him were the twins in the order
of their birth; behind them all, O foremost one of Bharatas race,
proceeded Draupadi, that first of women, possessed of great beauty, of
dark complexion, and endued with eyes resembling lotus petals. 0.016666666666666666
While the
Pandavas set out for the forest, a dog followed them. 0.0
"Proceeding on, those heroes reached the sea of red waters. 0.0
Dhananjaya
had not cast off his celestial bow Gandiva, nor his couple of
inexhaustible quivers, actuated, O king, by the cupidity that attaches
one to things of great value. 0.8
The Pandavas there beheld the deity of fire
standing before them like a hill. 0.0
Closing their way, the god stood there
in his embodied form. 0.0
The deity of seven flames then addressed the
Pandavas, saying, Ye heroic sons of Pandu, know me for the deity of fire. 0.7
O mighty-armed Yudhishthira, O Bhimasena that art a scorcher of foes, O
Arjuna, and ye twins of great courage, listen to what I say! 1.0
Ye foremost
ones of Kurus race, I am the god of fire. 0.0
The forest of Khandava was
burnt by me, through the puissance of Arjuna and of Narayana himself. 0.0
Let
your brother Phalguna proceed to the woods after casting off Gandiva,
that high weapon. 0.16
He has no longer any need of it. 0.0
That precious discus,
which was with the high-souled Krishna, has disappeared (from the world). 0.5
When the time again comes, it will come back into his hands. 0.0
This
foremost of bows, Gandiva, was procured by me from Varuna for the use of
Partha. 0.0
Let it be made over to Varuna himself. 0.0
"At this, all the brothers urged Dhananjaya to do what the deity said. 0.0
He
then threw into the waters (of the sea) both the bow and the couple of
inexhaustible quivers. 0.0
After this, O chief of Bharatas race, the god of
the fire disappeared then and there. 0.0
The heroic sons of Pandu next
proceeded with their faces turned towards the south. 0.35
Then, by the
northern coast of the salt sea, those princes of Bharatas race proceeded
to the south-west. 0.0
Turning next towards the west, they beheld the city of
Dwaraka covered by the ocean. 0.0
Turning next to the north, those foremost
ones proceeded on. 0.0
Observant of Yoga, they were desirous of making a
round of the whole Earth." 0.0
2
Vaishampayana said: "Those princes of restrained souls and devoted to
Yoga, proceeding to the north, beheld Himavat, that very large mountain. 0.2785714285714286
Crossing the Himavat, they beheld a vast desert of sand. 0.0
They then saw
the mighty mountain Meru, the foremost of all high-peaked mountains. 0.4
As
those mighty ones were proceeding quickly, all rapt in Yoga, Yajnaseni,
falling of from Yoga, dropped down on the Earth. 0.19259259259259262
Beholding her fallen
down, Bhimasena of great strength addressed king Yudhishthira the just,
saying, O scorcher of foes, this princess never did any sinful act. 0.32222222222222224
Tell
us what the cause is for which Krishna has fallen down on the Earth! -0.19444444444444448
"Yudhishthira said: O best of men, though we were all equal unto her she
had great partiality for Dhananjaya. 0.4625
She obtains the fruit of that
conduct today, O best of men." 1.0
Vaishampayana continued: "Having said this, that foremost one of Bharatas
race proceeded on. 0.0
Of righteous soul, that foremost of men, endued with
great intelligence, went on, with mind intent on itself. 0.8
Then Sahadeva of
great learning fell down on the Earth. 0.32222222222222224
Beholding him drop down, Bhima
addressed the king, saying, He who with great humility used to serve us
all, alas, why is that son of Madravati fallen down on the Earth? 0.02222222222222222
"Yudhishthira said, He never thought anybody his equal in wisdom. 0.0
It is
for that fault that this prince has fallen down. -0.15555555555555559
Vaishampayana continued: "Having said this, the king proceeded, leaving
Sahadeva there. 0.0
Indeed, Kuntis son Yudhishthira went on, with his
brothers and with the dog. 0.0
Beholding both Krishna and the Pandava
Sahadeva fallen down, the brave Nakula, whose love for kinsmen was very
great, fell down himself. 0.39777777777777773
Upon the falling down of the heroic Nakula of
great personal beauty, Bhima once more addressed the king, saying, This
brother of ours who was endued with righteousness without incompleteness,
and who always obeyed our behests, this Nakula who was unrivalled for
beauty, has fallen down. 0.2814814814814815
"Thus addressed by Bhimasena, Yudhishthira, said, with respect to Nakula,
these words: He was of righteous soul and the foremost of all persons
endued with intelligence. 0.0
He, however, thought that there was nobody that
equalled him in beauty of person. 0.0
Indeed, he regarded himself as superior
to all in that respect. 0.7
It is for this that Nakula has fallen down. -0.15555555555555559
Know
this, O Vrikodara. 0.0
What has been ordained for a person, O hero, must have
to be endured by him. 0.0
"Beholding Nakula and the others fall down, Pandus son Arjuna of white
steeds, that slayer of hostile heroes, fell down in great grief of heart. -0.062222222222222234
When that foremost of men, who was endued with the energy of Shakra, had
fallen down, indeed, when that invincible hero was on the point of death,
Bhima said unto the king, I do not recollect any untruth uttered by this
high-souled one. -0.15555555555555559
Indeed, not even in jest did he say anything false. -0.4000000000000001
What
then is that for whose evil consequence this one has fallen down on the
Earth? -0.5777777777777778
"Yudhishthira said, Arjuna had said that he would consume all our foes in
a single day. -0.07142857142857142
Proud of his heroism, he did not, however, accomplish what
he had said. 0.8
Hence has he fallen down. -0.15555555555555559
This Phalguna disregarded all
wielders of bows. 0.0
One desirous of prosperity should never indulge in such
sentiments." 0.0
Vaishampayana continued: "Having said so, the king proceeded on. 0.0
Then
Bhima fell down. -0.15555555555555559
Having fallen down, Bhima addressed king Yudhishthira
the just, saying, O king, behold, I who am thy darling have fallen down. -0.15555555555555559
For what reason have I dropped down? -0.15555555555555559
Tell me if thou knowest it. 0.0
"Yudhishthira said, Thou wert a great eater, and thou didst use to boast
of thy strength. 0.8
Thou never didst attend, O Bhima, to the wants of others
while eating. 0.2
It is for that, O Bhima, that thou hast fallen down. -0.15555555555555559
"Having said these words, the mighty-armed Yudhishthira proceeded on,
without looking back. 0.0
He had only one companion, the dog of which I have
repeatedly spoken to thee, that followed him now. 0.0
3
Vaishampayana said: "Then Shakra, causing the firmament and the Earth to
be filled by a loud sound, came to the son of Pritha on a car and asked
him to ascend it. 0.3
Beholding his brothers fallen on the Earth, king
Yudhishthira the just said unto that deity of a 1,000 eyes these words:
My brothers have all dropped down here. -0.15555555555555559
They must go with me. 0.0
Without
them by me I do not wish to go to Heaven, O lord of all the deities. 0.0
The
delicate princess (Draupadi) deserving of every comfort, O Purandara,
should go with us. 0.15
It behoveth thee to permit this. 0.0
"Shakra said, Thou shalt behold thy brothers in Heaven. 0.0
They have reached
it before thee. 0.0
Indeed, thou shalt see all of them there, with Krishna. 0.0
Do not yield to grief, O chief of the Bharatas. -0.8
Having cast off their
human bodies they have gone there, O chief of Bharatas race. 0.0
As regards
thee, it is ordained that thou shalt go thither in this very body of
thine. 0.2
"Yudhishthira said, This dog, O lord of the Past and the Present, is
exceedingly devoted to me. -0.125
He should go with me. 0.0
My heart is full of
compassion for him. 0.35
"Shakra said, Immortality and a condition equal to mine, O king,
prosperity extending in all directions, and high success, and all the
felicities of Heaven, thou hast won today. 0.15333333333333332
Do thou cast off this dog. 0.0
In
this there will be no cruelty. 0.0
"Yudhishthira said, O thou of a 1,000 eyes. 0.0
O thou that art of righteous
behaviour, it is exceedingly difficult for one that is of righteous
behaviour to perpetrate an act that is unrighteous. -0.5
I do not desire that
union with prosperity for which I shall have to cast off one that is
devoted to me. 0.0
"Indra said, There is no place in Heaven for persons with dogs. 0.0
Besides,
the (deities called) Krodhavasas take away all the merits of such
persons. 0.0
Reflecting on this, act, O king Yudhishthira the just. 0.0
Do thou
abandon this dog. 0.0
There is no cruelty in this. 0.0
"Yudhishthira said, It has been said that the abandonment of one that is
devoted is infinitely sinful. 0.0
It is equal to the sin that one incurs by
slaying a Brahmana. 0.0
Hence, O great Indra, I shall not abandon this dog
today from desire of my happiness. 0.75
Even this is my vow steadily pursued,
that I never give up a person that is terrified, nor one that is devoted
to me, nor one that seeks my protection, saying that he is destitute, nor
one that is afflicted, nor one that has come to me, nor one that is weak
in protecting oneself, nor one that is solicitous of life. 0.030555555555555548
I shall never
give up such a one till my own life is at an end. 0.3
"Indra said, Whatever gifts, or sacrifices spread out, or libations
poured on the sacred fire, are seen by a dog, are taken away by the
Krodhavasas. 0.0
Do thou, therefore, abandon this dog. 0.0
By abandoning this dog
thou wilt attain to the region of the deities. 0.0
Having abandoned thy
brothers and Krishna, thou hast, O hero, acquired a region of felicity by
thy own deeds. 0.6
Why art thou so stupefied? 0.0
Thou hast renounced everything. 0.0
Why then dost thou not renounce this dog? 0.0
"Yudhishthira said, This is
well known in all the worlds that there is neither friendship nor enmity
with those that are dead. -0.2
When my brothers and Krishna died, I was unable
to revive them. -0.5
Hence it was that I abandoned them. 0.0
I did not, however,
abandon them as long as they were alive. 0.025
To frighten one that has sought
protection, the slaying of a woman, the theft of what belongs to a
Brahmana, and injuring a friend, each of these four, O Shakra, is I think
equal to the abandonment of one that is devoted." 0.0
Vaishampayana continued: "Hearing these words of king Yudhishthira the
just, (the dog became transformed into) the deity of Righteousness, who,
well pleased, said these words unto him in a sweet voice fraught with
praise. 0.425
"Dharma said: Thou art well born, O king of kings, and possessed of the
intelligence and the good conduct of Pandu. 0.7
Thou hast compassion for all
creatures, O Bharata, of which this is a bright example. 0.7000000000000001
Formerly, O son,
thou wert once examined by me in the woods of Dwaita, where thy brothers
of great prowess met with (an appearance of) death. 0.4
Disregarding both thy
brothers Bhima and Arjuna, thou didst wish for the revival of Nakula from
thy desire of doing good to thy (step-) mother. 0.7
On the present occasion,
thinking the dog to be devoted to thee, thou hast renounced the very car
of the celestials instead of renouncing him. 0.1
Hence. 0.0
O king, there is no
one in Heaven that is equal to thee. 0.0
Hence, O Bharata, regions of
inexhaustible felicity are thine. 0.0
Thou hast won them, O chief of the
Bharatas, and thine is a celestial and high goal." 0.16
Vaishampayana continued: "Then Dharma, and Shakra, and the Maruts, and
the Ashvinis, and other deities, and the celestial Rishis, causing
Yudhishthira to ascend on a car, proceeded to Heaven. -0.125
Those beings
crowned with success and capable of going everywhere at will, rode their
respective cars. 0.16666666666666666
King Yudhishthira, that perpetuator of Kurus race,
riding on that car, ascended quickly, causing the entire welkin to blaze
with his effulgence. 0.16666666666666666
Then Narada, that foremost of all speakers, endued
with penances, and conversant with all the worlds, from amidst that
concourse of deities, said these words: All those royal sages that are
here have their achievements transcended by those of Yudhishthira. 0.0
Covering all the worlds by his fame and splendour and by his wealth of
conduct, he has attained to Heaven in his own (human) body. 0.3
None else
than the son of Pandu has been heard to achieve this. 0.0
"Hearing these words of Narada, the righteous-souled king, saluting the
deities and all the royal sages there present, said, Happy or miserable,
whatever the region be that is now my brothers, I desire to proceed to. -0.06666666666666665
I
do not wish to go anywhere else. 0.0
"Hearing this speech of the king, the chief of the deities, Purandara,
said these words fraught with noble sense: Do thou live in this place, O
king of kings, which thou hast won by thy meritorious deeds. 0.36818181818181817
Why dost
thou still cherish human affections? 0.0
Thou hast attained to great success,
the like of which no other man has ever been able to attain. 0.415625
Thy
brothers, O delighter of the Kurus, have succeeded in winning regions of
felicity. 0.5
Human affections still touch thee. 0.0
This is Heaven. 0.0
Behold these
celestial Rishis and Siddhas who have attained to the region of the gods. 0.0
"Gifted with great intelligence, Yudhishthira answered the chief of the
deities once more, saying, O conqueror of Daityas, I venture not to dwell
anywhere separated from them. 0.6
I desire to go there, where my brothers
have gone. 0.0
I wish to go there where that foremost of women, Draupadi, of
ample proportions and darkish complexion and endued with great
intelligence and righteous of conduct, has gone." 0.8
The end of Mahaprasthanika-parv
The Mahabharata
of
Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa
BOOK 18
Svargarohanika-parva
Translated into English Prose from the Original Sanskrit Text
by
Kisari Mohan Ganguli
[1883-1896]
Scanned and Proofed by Mantra Caitanya. 0.1875
Additional proofing and
formatting at sacred-texts.com, by J. 0.0
B. Hare, October 2003. 0.0
1
Om! 0.0
Having bowed down into Narayana, and to Nara, the foremost of men, as
also to the goddess Sarasvati, should the word "Jaya" be uttered. -0.15555555555555559
Janamejaya said, "Having attained to Heaven, what regions were
respectively attained by my grandsires of old, viz., the Pandavas and the
sons of Dhritarashtra? 0.05
I desire to hear this. 0.0
I think that thou art
conversant with everything, having been taught by the great Rishi Vyasa
of wonderful feats. 0.9
Vaishampayana said, "Listen now to what thy grandsires, Yudhishthira and
others, did after having attained to Heaven, that place of the deities. 0.0
Arrived at Heaven, king Yudhishthira the just, beheld Duryodhana endued
with prosperity and seated on an excellent seat. 1.0
He blazed with
effulgence like the sun and wore all those signs of glory which belong to
heroes. 0.0
And he was in the company of many deities of blazing effulgence
and of Sadhyas of righteous deeds. 0.5
Yudhishthira, beholding Duryodhana and
his prosperity, became suddenly filled with rage and turned back from the
sight. 0.2
"He loudly addressed his companions, saying, I do not desire to share
regions of felicity with Duryodhana who was stained by cupidity and
possessed of little foresight. -0.04375
It was for him that friends, and kinsmen,
over the whole Earth were slaughtered by us whom he had afflicted greatly
in the deep forest. 0.3333333333333333
It was for him that the virtuous princess of Pancala,
Draupadi of faultless features, our wife, was dragged into the midst of
the assembly before all our seniors. 1.0
Ye gods, I have no desire to even
behold Suyodhana. 0.0
I wish to go there where my brothers are. 0.0
"Narada, smiling, told him, It should not be so, O king of kings. 0.0
While
residing in Heaven, all enmities cease. 0.0
O mighty-armed Yudhishthira, do
not say so about king Duryodhana. 0.0
Hear my words. 0.0
Here is king Duryodhana. 0.0
He is worshipped with the gods by those righteous men and those foremost
of kings who are now denizens of Heaven. 0.0
By causing his body to be poured
as a libation on the fire of battle, he has obtained the end that
consists in attainment of the region for heroes. 0.0
You and your brothers,
who were veritable gods on Earth, were always persecuted by this one. 0.0
Yet
through his observance of Kshatriya practices he has attained to this
region. 0.0
This lord of Earth was not terrified in a situation fraught with
terror. 0.0
"O son, thou shouldst not bear in mind the woes inflicted on thee on
account of the match at dice. 0.0
It behoveth thee not to remember the
afflictions of Draupadi. 0.0
It behoveth thee not to remember the other woes
which were yours in consequence of the acts of your kinsmen,the woes,
viz., that were due to battle or to other situations. -0.125
Do thou meet
Duryodhana now according to the ordinances of polite intercourse. 0.0
This is
Heaven, O lord of men. 0.0
There can be no enmities here. 0.0
"Though thus addressed by Narada, the Kuru king Yudhishthira, endued with
great intelligence, enquired about his brothers and said, If these
eternal regions reserved for heroes be Duryodhanas, that unrighteous and
sinful wight, that man who was the destroyer of friends and of the whole
world, that man for whose sake the entire Earth was devastated with all
her horses and elephants and human beings, that wight for whose sake we
were burnt with wrath in thinking of how best we might remedy our wrongs,
I desire to see what regions have been attained by those high-souled
heroes, my brothers of high vows, steady achievers of promises, truthful
in speech, and distinguished for courage. 0.35333333333333333
The high-souled Karna, the son
of Kunti, incapable of being baffled in battle, Dhrishtadyumna, Satyaki,
the sons of Dhrishtadyumna and those other Kshatriyas who met with death
in the observance of Kshatriya practices, where are those lords of Earth,
O Brahmana? -0.125
I do not see them here, O Narada. 0.0
I desire to see, O Narada,
Virata and Drupada and the other great Kshatriyas headed by Dhrishtaketu,
as also Shikhandi, the Pancala prince, the sons of Draupadi, and
Abhimanyu, irresistible in battle. 0.3375
2
"Yudhishthira said, Ye deities, I do not see here Radhas son of
immeasurable prowess, as also my high-souled brothers, and Yudhamanyu and
Uttamaujas, those great car-warriors that poured their bodies (as
libations) on the fire of battle, those kings and princes that met with
death for my sake in battle. 0.8
Where are those great car-warriors that
possessed the prowess of tigers? 0.8
Have those foremost of men acquired this
region? 0.0
If those great car-warriors have obtained these regions, then
only do you know, ye gods, that I shall reside here with those
high-souled ones. 0.4
If this auspicious and eternal region has not been
acquired by those kings, then know, ye gods, that without those brothers
and kinsmen of mine, I shall not live here. -0.06818181818181818
At the time of performing the
water rites (after the battle), I heard my mother say, Do thou offer
oblations of water unto Karna. 0.0
Since hearing those words of my mother, I
am burning with grief. -0.8
I grieve also incessantly at this, ye gods, that
when I marked the resemblance between the feet of my mother and those of
Karna of immeasurable soul, I did not immediately place myself under
orders of that afflicter of hostile ranks. 0.1
Ourselves joined with Karna,
Shakra himself would have been unable to vanquish in battle. -0.5
Wherever may
that child of Surya be, I desire to see him. 0.0
Alas, his relationship with
us being unknown, I caused him to be slain by Arjuna. -0.25
Bhima also of
terrible prowess and dearer to me than my life-breaths, Arjuna too,
resembling Indra himself, the twins also that resembled the Destroyer
himself in prowess, I desire to behold. -1.0
I wish to see the princess of
Pancala, whose conduct was always righteous. 0.0
I wish not to stay here. 0.0
I
tell you the truth. 0.0
Ye foremost ones among the deities, what is Heaven to
me if I am dissociated from my brothers? 0.0
That is Heaven where those
brothers of mine are. 0.0
This, in my opinion, is not Heaven. 0.0
"The gods said, If thou longest to be there, go then, O son, without
delay. 0.0
At the command of the chief of the deities, we are ready to do
what is agreeable to thee. 0.2
Vaishampayana continued: Having said so, the gods then ordered the
celestial messenger, O scorcher of foes, saying, Do thou show unto
Yudhishthira his friends and kinsmen. 0.0
Then the royal son of Kunti and the
celestial messenger proceeded together, O foremost of kings, to that
place where those chiefs of men (whom Yudhishthira had wished to see)
were. 0.0
The celestial messenger proceeded first, the king followed him
behind. -0.07500000000000001
The path was inauspicious and difficult and trodden by men of
sinful deeds. -0.5
It was enveloped in thick darkness, and covered with hair
and moss forming its grassy vesture. -0.30000000000000004
Polluted with the stench of sinners,
and miry with flesh and blood, it abounded with gadflies and stinging
bees and gnats and was endangered by the inroads of grisly bears. 0.0
Rotting
corpses lay here and there. 0.0
Overspread with bones and hair, it was
noisome with worms and insects. 0.0
It was skirted all along with a blazing
fire. 0.0
It was infested by crows and other birds and vultures, all having
beaks of iron, as also by evil spirits with long mouths pointed like
needles. -0.39166666666666666
And it abounded with inaccessible fastnesses like the Vindhya
mountains. 0.0
Human corpses were scattered over it, smeared with fat and
blood, with arms and thighs cut off, or with entrails torn out and legs
severed. 0.0
"Along that path so disagreeable with the stench of corpses and awful
with other incidents, the righteous-souled king proceeded, filled with
diverse thoughts. -0.24166666666666667
He beheld a river full of boiling water and, therefore,
difficult to cross, as also a forest of trees whose leaves were sharp
swords and razors. -0.06875
There were plains full of fine white sand exceedingly
heated, and rocks and stones made of iron. 0.25555555555555554
There were many jars of iron
all around, with boiling oil in them. 0.5
Many a Kuta-salmalika was there,
with sharp thorns and, therefore, exceedingly painful to the touch. -0.10833333333333332
The
son of Kunti beheld also the tortures inflicted upon sinful men. 0.0
"Beholding that inauspicious region abounding with every sort of
foulness, Yudhishthira asked the celestial messenger, saying, How far
shall we proceed along a path like this? -0.2
It behoveth thee to tell me
where those brothers of mine are. 0.0
I desire also to know what region is
this of the gods? 0.0
"Hearing these words of king Yudhishthira the just, the celestial
messenger stopped in his course and replied, saying, Thus far is your
way. 0.1
The denizens of Heaven commanded me that having come thus far, I am
to stop. 0.1
If thou art tired, O king of kings, thou mayst return with me. -0.4
"Yudhishthira, however, was exceedingly disconsolate and stupefied by the
foul odour. 0.0
Resolved to return, O Bharata, he retraced his steps. 0.0
Afflicted by sorrow and grief, the righteous-souled monarch turned back. -0.4
Just at that moment he heard piteous lamentations all around, O son of
Dharma, O royal sage, O thou of sacred origin, O son of Pandu, do thou
stay a moment for favouring us. 0.0
At thy approach, O invincible one, a
delightful breeze hath begun to blow, bearing the sweet scent of thy
person. 0.675
Great hath been our relief at this. 0.8
O foremost of kings,
beholding thee, O first of men, great hath been our happiness. 0.5833333333333334
O son of
Pritha, let that happiness last longer through thy stay here, for a few
moments more. 0.25
Do thou remain here, O Bharata, for even a short while. 0.0
As
long as thou art here, O thou of Kurus race, torments cease to afflict
us. -0.05
These and many similar words, uttered in piteous voices by persons in
pain, the king heard in that region, wafted to his ears from every side. 0.25
"Hearing those words of beings in woe, Yudhishthira of compassionate
heart exclaimed aloud, Alas, how painful! -0.6375
And the king stood still. 0.0
The
speeches of those woe-begone and afflicted persons seemed to the son of
Pandu to be uttered in voices that he had heard before although he could
not recognise them on that occasion. 0.0
"Unable to recognise voices, Dharmas son, Yudhishthira, enquired, saying,
Who are you? -0.5
Why also do you stay here? 0.0
"Thus addressed, they answered him from all sides, saying, I am Karna! 0.0
I
am Bhimasena! 0.0
I am Arjuna! 0.0
I am Nakula! 0.0
I am Sahadeva! 0.0
I am
Dhrishtadyumna! 0.0
I am Draupadi! 0.0
We are the sons of Draupadi! 0.0
Even thus, O
king, did those voices speak. 0.0
"Hearing those exclamations, O king, uttered in voices of pain suitable
to that place, the royal Yudhishthira asked himself What perverse destiny
is this? 0.55
What are those sinful acts which were committed by those
high-souled beings, Karna and the sons of Draupadi, and the
slender-waisted princess of Pancala, so that their residence has been
assigned in this region of foetid smell and great woe? 0.8
I am not aware of
any transgression that can be attributed to these persons of righteous
deeds. -0.125
What is that act by doing which Dhritarashtras son, king
Suyodhana, with all his sinful followers, has become invested with such
prosperity? 0.0
Endued with prosperity like that of the great Indra himself,
he is highly adored. 0.48000000000000004
What is that act through the consequence of which
these (high-souled ones) have fallen into Hell? 0.0
All of them were
conversant with every duty, were heroes, were devoted to truth and the
Vedas; were observant of Kshatriya practices; were righteous in their
acts; were performers of sacrifices; and givers of large presents unto
brahmanas. 0.21428571428571427
Am I asleep or awake? 0.0
Am I conscious or unconscious? 0.1
Or, is
all this a mental delusion due to disorders of the brain? -0.1125
"Overwhelmed by sorrow and grief, and with his senses agitated by
anxiety, king Yudhishthira indulged in such reflections for a long time. -0.2833333333333334
The royal son of Dharma then gave way to great wrath. 0.8
Indeed,
Yudhishthira then censured the gods, as also Dharma himself. 0.0
Afflicted by
the very foul odour, he addressed the celestial messenger, saying, Return
to the presence of those whose messenger thou art. 0.2
Tell them that I shall
not go back to where they are, but shall stay even here, since, in
consequence of my companionship, these afflicted brothers of mine have
become comforted. 0.0
Thus addressed by the intelligent son of Pandu, the
celestial messenger returned to the place where the chief of the deities
was, viz., he of a hundred sacrifices. 0.8
He represented unto him the acts
of Yudhishthira. 0.0
Indeed, O ruler of men, he informed Indra of all that
Dharmas son had said! 0.0
3
Vaishampayana said, "King Yudhishthira the just, the son of Pritha, had
not stayed there for more than a moment when, O thou of Kurus race, all
the gods with Indra at their head came to that spot. 0.5
The deity of
Righteousness in his embodied form also came to that place where the Kuru
king was, for seeing that monarch. 0.0
Upon the advent of those deities of
resplendent bodies and sanctified and noble deeds, the darkness that had
overwhelmed that region immediately disappeared. 0.6
The torments undergone
by beings of sinful deeds were no longer seen. 0.0
The river Vaitarani, the
thorny Salmali, the iron jars, and the boulders of rock, so terrible to
behold, also vanished from sight. -1.0
The diverse repulsive corpses also,
which the Kuru king had seen, disappeared at the same time. 0.0
Then a
breeze, delicious and fraught with pleasant perfumes, perfectly pure and
delightfully cool, O Bharata, began to blow on that spot in consequence
of the presence of the gods. 0.5744047619047619
The Maruts, with Indra, the Vasus with the
twin Ashvinis, the Sadhyas, the Rudras, the Adityas, and the other
denizens of Heaven, as also the Siddhas and the great Rishis, all came
there where Dharmas royal son of great energy was. 0.4916666666666667
"Then Shakra, the lord of the deities, endued with blazing prosperity,
addressed Yudhishthira and comforting him, said, O Yudhishthira of mighty
arms, come, come, O chief of men. 0.4
These illusions have ended, O puissant
one. 0.0
Success has been attained by thee, O mighty-armed one, and eternal
regions (of felicity) have become thine. 0.3
Thou shouldst not yield to
wrath. 0.0
Listen to these words of mine. 0.0
Hell, O son, should without doubt
be beheld by every king. 0.0
Of both good and bad there is abundance, O chief
of men. 5.551115123125783e-17
He who enjoys first the fruits of his good acts must afterwards
endure Hell. 0.475
He, on the other hand, who first endures Hell, must
afterwards enjoy Heaven. 0.17500000000000002
He whose sinful acts are many enjoys Heaven
first. 0.375
It is for this, O king, that desirous of doing thee good, I caused
thee to be sent for having a view of Hell. 0.7
Thou hadst, by a pretence,
deceived Drona in the matter of his son. 0.0
Thou hast, in consequence
thereof, been shown Hell by an act of deception. 0.0
After the manner of
thyself, Bhima and Arjuna, and Draupadi, have all been shown the place of
sinners by an act of deception. 0.0
Come, O chief of men, all of them have
been cleansed of their sins. 0.0
All those kings who had aided thee and who
have been slain in battle, have all attained to Heaven. 0.0
Come and behold
them, O foremost one of Bharatas race. 0.0
"Karna, the mighty bowman, that foremost of all wielders of weapons for
whom thou art grieving, has also attained to high success. 0.2866666666666667
Behold, O
puissant one, that foremost of men, viz., the son of Surya. 0.0
He is in that
place which is his own, O mighty-armed one. 0.6
Kill this grief of thine, O
chief of men. -0.8
Behold thy brothers and others, those kings, that is, who
had espoused thy side. 0.0
They have all attained to their respective places
(of felicity). 0.0
Let the fever of thy heart be dispelled. 0.0
Having endured a
little misery first, from this time, O son of Kurus race, do thou sport
with me in happiness, divested of grief and all thy ailments dispelled. -0.009375000000000022
O
mighty-armed one, do thou now enjoy, O king, the rewards of all thy deeds
of righteousness of those regions which thou hast acquired thyself by thy
penances and of all thy gifts. 0.4
Let deities and Gandharvas, and celestial
Apsaras, decked in pure robes and excellent ornaments, wait upon and
serve thee for thy happiness. 0.638095238095238
Do thou, O mighty-armed one, enjoy now
those regions (of felicity) which have become thine through the Rajasuya
sacrifice performed by thee and whose felicities have been enhanced by
the sacrificial scimitar employed by thee. 0.4
Let the high fruits of thy
penances be enjoyed by thee. 0.33
Thy regions, O Yudhishthira, are above,
those of kings. 0.0
They are equal to those of Hariscandra, O son of Pritha. 0.0
Come, and sport there in bliss. 0.0
There where the royal sage Mandhatri is,
there where king Bhagiratha is, there where Dushmantas son Bharata is,
there wilt thou sport in bliss. 0.0
Here is the celestial river, sacred and
sanctifying the three worlds. 0.0
It is called Heavenly Ganga. 0.0
Plunging into
it, thou wilt go to thy own regions. 0.6
Having bathed in this stream, thou
wilt be divested of thy human nature. 0.0
Indeed, thy grief dispelled, thy
ailments conquered, thou wilt be freed from all enmities. -0.8
"While, O Kuru king, the chief of the gods was saying so unto
Yudhishthira, the deity of Righteousness, in his embodied form, then
addressed his own son and said, O king, I am greatly pleased, O thou of
great wisdom, with thee, O son, by thy devotion to me, by thy
truthfulness of speech, and forgiveness, and self-restraint. 0.6333333333333334
This,
indeed, is the third test, O king, to which I put thee. 0.0
Thou art
incapable, O son of Pritha, of being swerved from thy nature or reason. 0.0
Before this, I had examined thee in the Dwaita woods by my questions,
when thou hadst come to that lake for recovering a couple of fire sticks. 0.0
Thou stoodst it well. 0.0
Assuming the shape of a dog, I examined thee once
more, O son, when thy brothers with Draupadi had fallen down. 0.17222222222222222
This has
been thy third test; thou hast expressed thy wish to stay at Hell for the
sake of thy brothers. 0.0
Thou hast become cleansed, O highly blessed one. 0.16
Purified of sin, be thou happy. 0.8
O son of Pritha, thy brothers, O king, were not such as to deserve Hell. 0.0
All this has been an illusion created by the chief of the gods. 0.0
Without
doubt, all kings, O son, must once behold Hell. 0.0
Hence hast thou for a
little while been subjected to this great affliction. 0.30625
O king, neither
Arjuna, nor Bhima, nor any of those foremost of men, viz., the twins, nor
Karna, ever truthful in speech and possessed of great courage, could be
deserving of Hell for a long time. 0.46249999999999997
The princess Krishna too, O
Yudhishthira, could not be deserving of that place of sinners. 0.6
Come,
come, O foremost one of the Bharatas, behold Ganga who spreads her
current over the three worlds. 0.0
"Thus addressed, that royal sage, viz., thy grandsire, proceeded with
Dharma and all the other gods. -0.125
Having bathed in the celestial river
Ganga, sacred and sanctifying and ever adored by the Rishis, he cast off
his human body. 0.0
Assuming then a celestial form, king Yudhishthira the
just, in consequence of that bath, became divested of all his enmities
and grief. -0.8
Surrounded by the deities, the Kuru king Yudhishthira then
proceeded from that spot. 0.0
He was accompanied by Dharma, and the great
Rishis uttered his praises. 0.8
Indeed, he reached that place where those
foremost of men, those heroes, viz., the Pandavas and the Dhartarashtras,
freed from (human) wrath, were enjoying each his respective status. 0.16666666666666666
4
Vaishampayana said, "King Yudhishthira, thus praised by the gods, the
Maruts and the Rishis, proceeded to that place where those foremost ones
of Kurus race were. 0.0
He beheld Govinda endued with his Brahma-form. 0.0
It
resembled that form of his which had been seen before and which,
therefore, helped the recognition. 0.0
Blazing forth in that form of his, he
was adorned with celestial weapons, such as the terrible discus and
others in their respective embodied forms. -0.3333333333333333
He was being adored by the
heroic Phalguna, who also was endued with a blazing effulgence. 0.7
The son
of Kunti beheld the slayer of Madhu also in his own form. 0.6
Those two
foremost of Beings, adored by all the gods, beholding Yudhishthira,
received him with proper honours. 0.0
"In another place, the delighter of the Kurus beheld Karna, that foremost
one among all wielders of weapons, resembling a dozen Suryas in
splendour. 0.0
In another part he beheld Bhimasena of great puissance,
sitting in the midst of the Maruts, and endued with a blazing form. 0.8
He
was sitting by the side of the God of Wind in his embodied form. 0.0
Indeed,
he was then in a celestial form endued with great beauty, and had
attained to the highest success. 0.55
In place belonging to the Ashvinis, the
delighter of the Kurus beheld Nakula and Sahadeva, each blazing with his
own effulgence. 0.6
"He also beheld the princess of Pancala, decked in garlands of lotuses. 0.0
Having attained to Heaven, she was sitting there, endued with a form
possessed of solar splendour. 0.0
King Yudhishthira suddenly wished to
question her. 0.0
Then the illustrious Indra, the chief of the gods, spoke to
him, This one is Sree herself. 0.0
It was for your sake that she took birth,
as the daughter of Drupada, among human beings, issuing not from any
mothers womb, O Yudhishthira, endued with agreeable perfume and capable
of delighting the whole world. 0.13333333333333333
For your pleasure, she was created by the
wielder of the trident. 0.0
She was born in the race of Drupada and was
enjoyed by you all. 0.5
These five highly blessed Gandharvas endued with the
effulgence of fire, and possessed of great energy, were, O king, the sons
of Draupadi and yourself. 0.48000000000000004
"Behold Dhritarashtra, the king of the Gandharvas, possessed of great
wisdom. 0.8
Know that this one was the eldest brother of thy sire. 0.0
This one
is thy eldest brother, the son of Kunti, endued with effulgence of fire. 0.0
The son of Surya, thy eldest brother, the foremost of men, even this one
was known as the son of Radha. 0.0
He moves in the company of Surya. 0.0
Behold
this foremost of Beings. 0.0
Among the tribes of the Saddhyas, the gods, the
Viswedevas, and the Maruts, behold, O king of kings, the mighty
car-warriors of the Vrishnis and the Andhakas, viz., those heroes having
Satyaki for their first, and those mighty ones among the Bhojas. 0.35000000000000003
Behold
the son of Subhadra, invincible in battle, now staying with Soma. 0.0
Even he
is the mighty bowman Abhimanyu, now endued with the gentle effulgence of
the great luminary of the night. 0.46666666666666673
Here is the mighty bowman Pandu, now
united with Kunti and Madri. 0.4
Thy sire frequently comes to me on his
excellent car. 0.55
Behold the royal Bhishma, the son of Santanu, now in the
midst of the Vasus. 0.0
Know that this one by the side of Brihaspati is thy
preceptor Drona. 0.0
These and other kings, O son of Pandu, who had warred on
thy side now walk with the Gandharvas or Yakshas or other sacred beings. -0.125
Some have attained to the status of Guhyakas, O king. 0.0
Having cast off
their bodies, they have conquered Heaven by the merit they had acquired
through word, thought and deed. 0.0
5
Janamejaya said, "Bhishma and Drona, those two high-souled persons, king
Dhritarashtra, and Virata and Drupada, and Sankha and Uttara. 0.0
Dhrishtaketu and Jayatsena and king Satyajit, the sons of Duryodhana, and
Shakuni the son of Subala, Karnas sons of great prowess, king Jayadratha,
Ghatotkaca and others whom thou hast not mentioned, the other heroic
kings of blazing formstell me for what period they remained in Heaven. 0.4583333333333333
O
foremost of regenerate persons, was theirs an eternal place in Heaven? 0.0
What was the end attained to by those foremost of men when their acts
came to an end? 0.0
I desire to hear this, O foremost of regenerate persons,
and therefore have I asked thee. 0.0
Through thy blazing penances thou seest
all things. 0.0
Sauti said: Thus questioned, that regenerate Rishi, receiving the
permission of the high-souled Vyasa, set himself to answer the question
of the king. 0.0
Vaishampayana said, "Every one, O king of men, is not capable of
returning to his own nature at the end of his deeds. 0.25
Whether this is so
or not, is, indeed a good question asked by thee. 0.7
Hear, O king, this
which is a mystery of the gods, O chief of Bharatas race. 0.0
It was
explained (to us) by Vyasa of mighty energy, celestial vision and great
prowess, that ancient ascetic, O Kauravya, who is the son of Parasara and
who always observes high vows, who is of immeasurable understanding, who
is omniscient, and who, therefore knows the end attached to all acts. 0.21500000000000005
"Bhishma of mighty energy and great effulgence attained to the status of
the Vasus. 0.6000000000000001
Eight Vasus, O chief of Bharatas race, are now seen. 0.0
Drona
entered into Brihaspati, that foremost one of Angirasas descendants. 0.0
Hridikas son Kritavarma entered the Maruts. 0.0
Pradyumna entered Sanatkumara
whence he had issued. 0.0
Dhritarashtra obtained the regions, so difficult of
acquisition, that belong to the Lord of treasures. -0.5
The famous Gandhari
obtained the same regions with her husband Dhritarashtra. 0.25
With his two
wives, Pandu proceeded to the abode of the great Indra. 0.8
Both Virata and
Drupada, the king Dhrishtaketu, as also Nishatha, Akrura, Samva,
Bhanukampa, and Viduratha, and Bhurishrava and Sala and king Bhuri, and
Kansa, and Ugrasena, and Vasudeva, and Uttara, that foremost of men, with
his brother Sankhaall these foremost of persons entered the deities. 0.0
Somas son of great prowess, named Varchas of mighty energy, became
Abhimanyu, the son of Phalguna, that lion among men. 0.6000000000000001
Having fought,
agreeably to Kshatriya practices, with bravery such as none else had ever
been able to show, that mighty-armed and righteous-souled being entered
Soma. 0.25
Slain on the field of battle, O foremost of men, Karna entered
Surya. 0.0
Shakuni obtained absorption into Dwapara, and Dhrishtadyumna into
the deity of fire. 0.0
The sons of Dhritarashtra were all Rakshasas of fierce
might. 0.0
Sanctified by death caused by weapons, those high-souled beings of
prosperity all succeeded in attaining to Heaven. 0.0
Both Kshattri and king
Yudhishthira entered into the god of Righteousness. 0.0
The holy and
illustrious Ananta (who had taken birth as Balarama) proceeded to the
region below the Earth. 0.0
Through the command of the Grandsire, he, aided
by his Yoga power, supported the Earth. 0.0
Vasudeva was a portion of that
eternal god of gods called Narayana. 0.0
Accordingly, he entered into
Narayana. 0.0
16,000 women had been married to Vasudeva as his wives. 0.25
When
the time came, O Janamejaya, they, plunged into the Sarasvati. 0.0
Casting
off their (human) bodies there, they re-ascended to Heaven. 0.0
Transformed
into Apsaras, they approached the presence of Vasudeva. 0.0
Those heroic and
mighty car-warriors, Ghatotkaca and others, who were slain in the great
battle, attained to the status, some of gods and some of Yakshas. 0.6333333333333334
Those
that had fought on the side of Duryodhana are said to have been
Rakshasas. 0.0
Gradually, O king, they have all attained to excellent regions
of felicity. 1.0
Those foremost of men have proceeded, some to the abode of
Indra, some to that of Kuvera of great intelligence, and some to that of
Varuna. 0.8
I have now told thee, O thou of great splendour, everything about
the acts, O Bharata, of both the Kurus and the Pandavas. 0.8
Sauti said: Hearing this, ye foremost of regenerate ones, at the
intervals of sacrificial rites, king Janamejaya became filled with
wonder. 0.4
The sacrificial priests then finished the rites that remained to
be gone through. 0.0
Astika, having rescued the snakes (from fiery death),
became filled with joy. 0.6000000000000001
King Janamejaya then gratified all the Brahmanas
with copious presents. 0.0
Thus worshipped by the king, they returned to
their respective abodes. 0.0
Having dismissed those learned Brahmanas, king
Janamejaya came back from Takshasila to the city named after the elephant. 0.0
I have now told everything that Vaishampayana narrated, at the command of
Vyasa, unto the king at his snake sacrifice. 0.0
Called a history, it is
sacred, sanctifying and excellent. 1.0
It has been composed by the ascetic
Krishna, O Brahmana, of truthful speech. 0.0
He is omniscient, conversant
with all ordinances, possessed of a knowledge of all duties, endued with
piety, capable of perceiving what is beyond the ken of the senses, pure,
having a soul cleansed by penances, possessed of the six high attributes,
and devoted to Sankhya Yoga. 0.19142857142857142
He has composed this, beholding everything
with a celestial eye that has been cleansed (strengthened) by varied
lore. 0.0
He has done this, desiring to spread the fame, throughout the
world, of the high-souled Pandavas, as also of other Kshatriyas possessed
of abundant wealth of energy. 0.2375
That learned man who recites this history of sacred days in the midst of
a listening auditory becomes cleansed of every sin, conquers Heaven, and
attains to the status of Brahma. 0.0
Of that man who listens with rapt
attention to the recitation of the whole of this Veda composed by (the
Island-born) Krishna, a million sins, numbering such grave ones as
Brahmanicide and the rest, are washed off. 0.1
The Pitris of that man who
recites even a small portion of this history at a Sraddha, obtain
inexhaustible food and drink. -0.25
The sins that one commits during the day by
ones senses or the mind are all washed off before evening by reciting a
portion of the Mahabharata. 0.0
Whatever sins a Brahmana may commit at night
in the midst of women are all washed off before dawn by reciting a
portion of the Mahabharata. 0.0
The high race of the Bharatas is its topic. 0.16
Hence it is called Bharata. 0.0
And because of its grave import, as also of the Bharatas being its topic,
it is called Mahabharata. 0.0
He who is versed in interpretations of this
great treatise, becomes cleansed of every sin. 0.8
Such a man lives in
righteousness, wealth, and pleasure, and attains to Emancipation also, O
chief of Bharatas race. 0.0
That which occurs here occurs elsewhere. 0.0
That which does not occur here
occurs nowhere else. 0.0
This history is known by the name of Jaya. 0.0
It should
be heard by every one desirous of Emancipation. 0.0
It should be read by
Brahmanas, by kings, and by women quick with children. 0.3333333333333333
He that desires
Heaven attains to Heaven; and he that desires victory attains to victory. 0.0
The woman quick with child gets either a son or a daughter highly
blessed. 0.24666666666666665
The puissant Island-born Krishna, who will not have to come
back, and who is Emancipation incarnate, made an abstract of the Bharata,
moved by the desire of aiding the cause of righteousness. 0.0
He made another
compilation consisting of sixty lakhs of verses. 0.0
Thirty lakhs of these
were placed in the region of the deities. 0.0
In the region of the Pitris
fifteen lakhs, it should be known, are current; while in that of the
Yakshas fourteen lakhs are in vogue. 0.0
One lakh is current among human
beings. 0.0
Narada recited the Mahabharata to the gods; Asita-Devala to the Pitris;
Suka to the Rakshasas and the Yakshas; and Vaishampayana to human beings. 0.0
This history is sacred, and of high import, and regarded as equal to the
Vedas. 0.08
That man, O Saunaka, who hears this history, placing a Brahmana
before him, acquires both fame and the fruition of all his wishes. 0.0
He
who, with fervid devotion, listens to a recitation of the Mahabharata,
attains (hereafter) to high success in consequence of the merit that
becomes his through understanding even a very small portion thereof. 0.044999999999999984
All
the sins of that man who recites or listens to this history with devotion
are washed off. 0.0
In former times, the great Rishi Vyasa, having composed this treatise,
caused his son Suka to read it with him, along with these four Verses. 0.4
Thousands of mothers and fathers, and hundreds of sons and wives arise in
the world and depart from it. 0.0
Others will (arise and) similarly depart. 0.0
There are thousands of occasions for joy and hundreds of occasions for
fear. 0.8
These affect only him that is ignorant but never him that is wise. 0.35
With uplifted arms I am crying aloud but nobody hears me. -0.2
From
Righteousness is Wealth as also Pleasure. 0.0
Why should not Righteousness,
therefore, be courted? 0.0
For the sake neither of pleasure, nor of fear, nor
of cupidity should any one cast off Righteousness. 0.0
Indeed, for the sake
of even life one should not cast off Righteousness. 0.0
Righteousness is
eternal. 0.0
Pleasure and Pain are not eternal. 0.0
Jiva is eternal. 0.0
The cause,
however, of Jivas being invested with a body is not so. 0.0
That man who, waking up at dawn, reads this Savittri of the Bharata,
acquires all the rewards attached to a recitation of this history and
ultimately attains to the highest Brahma. 0.0
As the sacred Ocean, as the
Himavat mountain, are both regarded as mines of precious gems, even so is
this Bharata (regarded as a mine of precious gems). 0.5
The man of learning,
by reciting to others this Veda or Agama composed by (the Island-born)
Krishna, earns wealth. 0.0
There is no doubt in this that he who, with rapt
attention, recites this history called Bharata, attains to high success. 0.22999999999999998
What need has that man of a sprinkling of the waters of Pushkara who
attentively listens to this Bharata, while it is recited to him? 0.4
It
represents the nectar that fell from the lips of the Island-born. 0.0
It is
immeasurable, sacred, sanctifying, sin-cleansing, and auspicious. 0.0
6
Janamejaya said, "O holy one, according to what rites should the learned
listen to the Bharata? 0.0
What are the fruits (acquirable by hearing it)? 0.0
What deities are to be worshipped during the several paranas? 0.0
What should
be the gifts that one should make, O holy one, at every parva or sacred
day (during the continuance of the recitation)? 0.0
What should be the
qualification of the reciter to be engaged? 0.0
Tell me all this! 0.0
Vaishampayana said, "Hear, O king, what the procedure is, and what the
fruits, O Bharata, are that will spring from ones listening (to a
recitation of the Bharata). 0.0
Even this, O king of kings, is what thou
askest me. 0.0
The deities of Heaven, O ruler of Earth, came to this world
for sport. 0.0
Having achieved their task, they ascended once more to Heaven. 0.5
Listen to what I shall tell thee in brief. 0.0
In the Mahabharata is to be
found the births of Rishis and deities on the Earth. 0.0
In this treatise,
called Bharata, O foremost one of Bharatas race, are to be seen in one
place the eternal Rudras, the Saddhyas, and the Viswedevas; the Adityas,
the two deities named the Ashvinis, the regents of the World, the great
Rishis, the Guhyakas, the Gandharvas, the Nagas, the Vidyadharas, the
Siddhas, the diverse deities, the Self-born visible in a body, with many
ascetics; the Hills and Mountains, Oceans and Seas and Rivers, the
diverse tribes of Apsaras; the Planets, the Years, the Half-years, and
the Seasons; and the whole universe of mobile and immobile entities, with
all the gods and Asuras. 0.5
"Hearing their celebrity, and in consequence of a recitation of their
names and achievements, a man that has committed even terrible sins, will
be cleansed. -1.0
Having, with a concentrated soul and cleansed body, heard
this history duly, from the beginning, and having reached its end, one
should make Sraddha offerings, O Bharata, unto those (foremost of persons
who have been mentioned in it). 0.0
Unto the Brahmanas also, O chief of
Bharatas race, should, with due devotion and according to ones power, be
made large gifts and diverse kinds of gems, and kine, and vessels of
white brass for milking kine, and maidens decked with every ornament, and
possessed of every accomplishment suited to enjoyment, as also diverse
kinds of conveyances, beautiful mansions, plots of land, and cloths. 0.23482142857142857
Animals also should be given, such as horses and elephants in rage, and
beds, and covered conveyances borne on the shoulders of men, and
well-decked cars. 0.0
Whatever objects occur in the house, of the foremost
kind, whatever wealth of great value occurs in it, should be given away
unto Brahmanas. 0.7
Indeed, one should give away ones own self, wives, and
children. 0.6
"One desirous of hearing the Bharata, should hear it without a doubting
heart, with cheerfulness and joy; and as, he proceeds listening to its
recitation, he should according to the extent of his power, make gifts
with great devotion. 0.8
"Hear how a person that is devoted to truth and sincerity, that is
self-restrained, pure (in mind), and observant of those acts which lead
to purity of body, that is endued with faith, and that has subjugated
wrath, attains to success (in the matter of a recitation of the Bharata). 0.2571428571428571
He should appoint as reciter one that is pure (of body), that is endued
with good and pious conduct, that should be robed in white, that should
have a complete mastery over his passions, that is cleansed of all
offences, that is conversant with every branch of learning, that is
endued with faith, that is free from malice, that is possessed of
handsome features, that is blessed, self-restrained, truthful, and with
passions under control, and that is beloved of all for the gifts he makes
and the honours of which he is the possessor. 0.34603174603174597
"The reciter, seated at his ease, free from all bodily complaints, and
with rapt attention, should recite the text without too much slowness,
without a labouring voice, without being fast or quick, quietly, with
sufficient energy, without confusing the letters and words together, in a
sweet intonation and with such accent and emphasis as would indicate the
sense giving full utterance to the three and sixty letters of the
alphabet from the eight places of their formation. 0.15333333333333332
Bowing unto Narayana,
and to Nara, that foremost of men, as also to the goddess Sarasvati,
should the word Jaya be uttered. 0.0
"Listening to the Bharata, O king, when recited, O thou of Bharatas race,
by a reader of this kind, the listener, observant of vows all the while
and cleansed by purificatory rites, acquires valuable fruits. 0.6
When the
first Parana is reached, the hearer should gratify Brahmanas with
presents of all desirable objects. 0.25
By doing this, one obtains the fruits
of the Agnishtoma sacrifice. 0.0
He acquires a large (celestial) car teeming
with diverse orders of Apsaras (that wait upon him). 0.21428571428571427
With a glad heart,
and with the deities in his company, he proceeds to Heaven, his heart
rapt (in felicity). 0.5
"When the second Parana is reached, the hearer acquires the fruits of the
Atiratra vow. 0.0
Indeed, he ascends a celestial car made entirely of
precious gems. 0.5
Wearing celestial garlands and robes, and decked with
celestial unguents and always shedding a celestial fragrance around, he
receives high honours in Heaven. 0.16
"When the third Parana is reached, he acquires the fruits of the
Dwadasaha vow. 0.0
Indeed be resides in Heaven for myriads of years, like a
god. 0.0
"At the fourth Parana he acquires the fruits of the Vajapeya sacrifice. 0.0
"At the fifth, twice those fruits are his. 0.0
Ascending a celestial car that
resembles the rising sun or a blazing fire, and with the deities for his
companions, he goes to Heaven and sports in felicity for myriads of years
in the abode of Indra. 0.0
"At the sixth Parana, twice, and at the seventh, thrice those fruits
become his. 0.0
Ascending a celestial car that resembles the summit of the
Kailasa mountains (in beauty), that is equipt with an altar made of
stones of lapis lazuli and other precious gems, that is surrounded by
beautiful objects of diverse kinds, that is decked with gems and corals,
that moves at the will of the rider, and that teems with waiting Apsaras,
he roves through all the regions of felicity, like a second deity of the
Sun. 0.30625
"At the eight Parana, he acquires the fruits of the Rajasuya sacrifice. 0.0
He ascends a car as beautiful as the rising moon, and unto which are
yoked steeds white as the rays of the moon and endued with the speed of
thought. 0.425
He is served by women of the foremost beauty and whose faces are
more charming than the moon. 0.6
He hears the music of the garlands that
encircle their waists and the Nupuras encircling their ankles. 0.0
Sleeping
with his head resting on the laps of women of transcendent beauty, he
awakes greatly refreshed. 0.8
"At the ninth Parana, he acquires, O Bharata, the fruits of that foremost
of sacrifices, viz., the Horse-sacrifice. 0.0
Ascending on a car equipt with
a chamber consisting of a top supported by columns of gold, furnished
with a seat made of stones of lapis lazuli, with windows on all sides
made of pure gold, and teeming with waiting Apsaras and Gandharvas and
other celestials, he blazes forth in splendour. 0.19642857142857142
Wearing celestial
garlands and robes, and decked with celestial unguents, he sports in
bliss, with deities for his companions, in Heaven, like a second deity
himself. 0.0
"Reaching the tenth Parana and gratifying Brahmanas, he acquires a car
which tinkles with innumerable bells, which is decked with flags and
banners, which is equipt with a seat made of precious gems, which has
many arches made of lapis lazuli, which has a net-work of gold all round,
which has turrets made of corals, which is adorned with Gandharvas and
Apsaras well-skilled in singing, and which is fit for the residence of
the Righteous. 0.30000000000000004
Crowned with a diadem of the complexion of fire, decked
with ornaments of gold, his person smeared with celestial sandalpaste,
garnished with celestial wreaths, he roves through all celestial regions,
enjoying all celestial objects of enjoyment, and endued with great
splendour, through the grace of the deities. 0.65
"Thus accoutred, he receives high honours in Heaven for many long years. 0.20333333333333334
With Gandharvas in his company, for full 21,000 years, he sports in bliss
with Indra himself in abode of Indra. 0.35
He roves at pleasure every day
through the diverse regions of the gods, riding on celestial cars and
conveyances, and surrounded by celestial damsels of transcendent beauty. 0.0
He is able to go to the abode of the solar deity, of the lunar deity, and
of Siva, O king. 0.5
Indeed, he succeeds in living in the same region with
Vishnu himself. 0.35
It is even so, O monarch. 0.0
There is no doubt in this. 0.0
A
person listening with faith, becomes even so. 0.0
My preceptor has said this. 0.0
Unto the reciter should be given all such objects as he may wish. 0.0
Elephants and steeds and cars and conveyances, especially animals and the
vehicles they draw, a bracelet of gold, a pair of ear-rings, sacred
threads, beautiful robes, and perfumes in especial (should be given). 0.425
By
worshipping him as a deity one attains to the regions of Vishnu. 0.0
"After this I shall declare what should be given away, as each parva is
reached of the Bharata in course of its recitation, unto brahmanas, after
ascertaining their birth, country, truthfulness, and greatness, O chief
of Bharatas race, as also their inclination for piety, and unto
kshatriyas too, O king, after ascertainment of similar particulars. 0.0
Causing the Brahmanas to utter benedictions, the business of recitation
should be begun. 0.0
When a parva is finished, the brahmanas should be
worshipped to the best of ones power. 1.0
At first, the reciter, clad in good
robes and smeared with perfumed paste, should, O king, be duly fed with
honey and frumenty of the best kind. 0.6375
"When the Astika-parva is being recited, brahmanas should be entertained
with fruits and roots, and frumenty, and honey and clarified butter, and
rice boiled with raw sugar. -0.23076923076923078
"When the Sabha-parva is being recited, brahmanas should be fed with
habisya along with apupas and pupas and modakas, O king. 0.0
"When the Aranyaka-parva is being recited, superior brahmanas should be
fed with fruits and roots. 0.7
"When the Arani-parva is reached, water-pots full of water should be
given away. 0.35
Many superior kinds of delicious food, also rice and fruits
and roots, and food possessed of every agreeable attribute, should be
presented unto the brahmanas. 0.7333333333333334
"During the recitation of the Virata-parva diverse kinds of robes should
be given away; and during that of the Udyoga-parva, O chief of the
Bharatas, the twice-born ones, after being decked with perfumes and
garlands, should be entertained with food possessed of every agreeable
quality. 0.0
"During the recitation of the Bhishma-parva, O king of kings, after
giving them excellent cars and conveyances, food should be given that is
pure and well-cooked and possessed of every desirable attribute. 0.6071428571428571
"During the Drona-parva food of very superior kind should be given to
learned brahmanas, as also beds, O monarch, and bows and good swords. 0.7366666666666667
"During the recitation of the Karna-parva, food of the foremost kind,
besides being pure and well-cooked, should be presented unto the
brahmanas by the house-holder with rapt mind. 0.40714285714285714
"During the recitation of the Shalya-parva, O king of kings, food with
confectionery and rice boiled with raw sugar, as also cakes of wheat and
soothing and nutritive viands and drinks should be presented. -0.23076923076923078
"During the recitation of the Gada-parva, brahmanas should be entertained
with food mixed with mudga. 0.0
"During the recitation of the Stri-parva, foremost of brahmanas should be
entertained with gems and precious stones; and during the recitation of
the Aishika-parva, rice boiled in ghee should first be given, and then
food pure and well-cooked, and possessed of every desirable quality,
should be presented. 0.32142857142857145
"During the recitation of the Shanti-parva, the brahmanas should be fed
with havisya. 0.0
"When the Asvamedhika-parva is reached, food possessed of every agreeable
quality should be given; and when the Asramvasika is reached, brahmanas
should be entertained with havisya. 0.0
"When the Mausala is reached, scents and garlands possessed of agreeable
qualities should be given away. 0.0
"During the Mahaprasthanika, similar presents should be made, possessed
of every quality of an agreeable kind. 0.3
"When the Svarga-parva is reached, the brahmanas should be fed with
havisya. 0.0
"Upon the conclusion of the Harivansa, a 1,000 brahmanas should be fed. 0.0
Unto each of them should be presented a cow accompanied with a piece of
gold. -0.13333333333333333
Half of this should be presented to each poor man, O king. -0.2833333333333333
"Upon the conclusion of all the Parvas, the house-holder of wisdom should
give unto the reciter a copy of the Mahabharata with a piece of gold. 0.0
When the Harivansa Parva is being recited, Brahmanas should be fed with
frumenty at each successive Parana, O king. 0.0
Having finished all the
Parvas, one versed in the scriptures, robing himself in white, wearing
garlands, decked with ornaments, and properly purified, should place a
copy of the Mahabharata on an auspicious spot and cover it with a piece
of silken cloth and worship it, according to due rites, with scents and
garlands, offering each at a time. -0.041666666666666664
Indeed, O king, the several volumes of
this treatise should be worshipped by one with devotion and concentrated
mind. 0.0
Offerings should be made unto them of diverse kinds of food and
garlands and drinks and diverse auspicious articles of enjoyment. 0.0
Gold
and other precious metals should be given as Dakshina. 0.1875
The names should
then be taken of all the deities as also of Nara and Narayana. 0.0
Then,
adorning the persons of some foremost of Brahmanas with scents and
garlands, they should be gratified with diverse kinds of gifts of
enjoyable and very superior or costly articles. 0.705
By doing this, one
attains to the merits of the Atiratra sacrifice. 0.0
Indeed, at each
successive Parva, he acquires the merits that attach to the performance
of a sacrifice. 0.0
The reciter, O chief of the Bharatas, should be possessed
of learning and endued with a good voice and a clear utterance respecting
both letters and words. 0.39999999999999997
Even such a man should, O chief of the Bharatas,
recite the Bharata. 0.0
After entertaining a number of foremost Brahmanas,
presents should be made unto them according to the ordinances. 0.5
The
reciter also, O chief of the Bharatas, should be decked with ornaments
and fed sumptuously. 0.0
The reciter being gratified, the house-holder
attains to an excellent and auspicious contentment. 1.0
If the Brahmanas are
gratified, all the deities are gratified. 0.0
After this, O chief of the
Bharatas, Brahmanas should be duly entertained with diverse kinds of
enjoyable articles and superior things. 0.6
"I have thus indicated the ordinances, O foremost of men, (about the
manner of reciting these scriptures) in answer to thy enquiries. 0.0
Thou
shouldst observe them with faith. 0.0
In listening to a recitation of the
Bharata and at each Parana, O best of kings, one that desires to attain
to the highest good should listen with the greatest care and attention. 0.9
One should listen to the Bharata every day. 0.0
One should proclaim the
merits of the Bharata every day. 0.0
One in whose house the Bharata occurs,
has in his hands all those scriptures which are known by the name of
Jaya. 0.0
The Bharata is cleansing and sacred. 0.0
In the Bharata are diverse
topics. 0.0
The Bharata is worshipped by the very gods. 0.2
The Bharata is the
highest goal. 0.0
The Bharata, O chief of the Bharatas, is the foremost of
all scriptures. 0.0
One attains to Emancipation through the Bharata. 0.0
This
that I tell thee is certain truth. 0.21428571428571427
One that proclaims the merits of this
history called the Mahabharata, of the Earth, of the cow, of Sarasvati
(the goddess of speech), of Brahmanas, and of Keshava, has never to
languish. -0.13333333333333333
"In the Vedas, in the Ramayana, and in the sacred Bharata, O chief of
Bharatas race, Hari is sung in the beginning, the middle, and at the end. 0.0
That in which occur excellent statements relating to Vishnu, and the
eternal Srutis, should be listened to by men desirous of attaining to the
highest goal. 1.0
This treatise is sanctifying. 0.0
This is the highest indicator
as regards duties; this is endued with every merit. 0.0
One desirous of
prosperity should listen to it. 0.0
Sins committed by means of the body, by
means of words, and by means of the mind, are all destroyed (through
listening to the Bharata) as Darkness at sunrise. 0.0
One devoted to Vishnu
acquires (through this) that merit which is acquired by listening to the
eighteen Puranas. 0.0
There is no doubt in this. 0.0
Men and women (by listening
to this) would certainly attain to the status of Vishnu. 0.21428571428571427
Women desirous
of having children should certainly listen to this which proclaims the
fame of Vishnu. 0.21428571428571427
One desirous of attaining to the fruits that attach to a
recitation of the Bharata should, according to ones power, give unto the
reciter Dakshina, as also an honorarium in gold. 0.0
One desirous of ones own
good should give unto the reciter a Kapila cow with horns cased in gold
and accompanied by her calf, covered with a cloth. 0.38888888888888884
Ornaments, O chief of
Bharatas race, for the arms, as also those for the ears, should be given. 0.0
Besides these, other kinds of wealth should be presented. -0.125
Unto the
reciter, O king of men, gift of land should be made. 0.0
No gift like that of
land could ever be or will be. 0.0
The man that listens (to the Bharata) or
that recites it to other people, becomes cleansed of all his sins and
attains at last to the status of Vishnu. -0.0625
Such a man rescues his ancestors
to the eleventh degree, as also himself with his wives and sons, O chief
of Bharatas race. 0.0
After concluding a recitation of the Bharata, one
should, O king, perform a Homa with all its ten parts. 0.0
"I have thus, O chief of men, told everything in thy presence. 0.0
He that
listens with devotion to this Bharata from the beginning becomes cleansed
of every sin even if he be guilty of Brahmanicide or the violation of his
preceptors bed, or even if he be a drinker of alcohol or a robber of
other peoples wares, or even if he be born in the Chandala order. -0.3125
Destroying all his sins like the maker of day destroying darkness, such a
man, without doubt, sports in felicity in the region of Vishnu like
Vishnu himself." -0.13333333333333333
The End of the Svargarohanika-parva
The Eighteen parvas of the Mahabharata are thus complete 0.1
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('great', 'JJ'),
('work', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('Vyasa', 'NNP'),
('To', 'TO'),
('the', 'DT'),
('purely', 'RB'),
('English', 'JJ'),
('reader', 'NN'),
('there', 'EX'),
('is', 'VBZ'),
('much', 'RB'),
('in', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('following', 'JJ'),
('pages', 'NNS'),
('that', 'WDT'),
('will', 'MD'),
('strike', 'VB'),
('as', 'IN'),
('ridiculous', 'JJ'),
('Those', 'DT'),
('unacquainted', 'JJ'),
('with', 'IN'),
('any', 'DT'),
('language', 'NN'),
('but', 'CC'),
('their', 'PRP$'),
('own', 'JJ'),
('are', 'VBP'),
('generally', 'RB'),
('very', 'RB'),
('exclusive', 'JJ'),
('in', 'IN'),
('matters', 'NNS'),
('of', 'IN'),
('taste', 'NN'),
('Having', 'VBG'),
('no', 'DT'),
('knowledge', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('models', 'NNS'),
('other', 'JJ'),
('than', 'IN'),
('what', 'WP'),
('they', 'PRP'),
('meet', 'VBP'),
('with', 'IN'),
('in', 'IN'),
('their', 'PRP$'),
('own', 'JJ'),
('tongue', 'NN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('standard', 'NN'),
('they', 'PRP'),
('have', 'VBP'),
('formed', 'VBN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('purity', 'NN'),
('and', 'CC'),
('taste', 'NN'),
('in', 'IN'),
('composition', 'NN'),
('must', 'MD'),
('necessarily', 'RB'),
('be', 'VB'),
('a', 'DT'),
('narrow', 'JJ'),
('one', 'CD'),
('The', 'DT'),
('translator', 'NN'),
('however', 'RB'),
('would', 'MD'),
('ill-discharge', 'VB'),
('his', 'PRP$'),
('duty', 'NN'),
('if', 'IN'),
('for', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('sake', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('avoiding', 'VBG'),
('ridicule', 'NN'),
('he', 'PRP'),
('sacrificed', 'VBD'),
('fidelity', 'NN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('the', 'DT'),
('original', 'JJ'),
('He', 'PRP'),
('must', 'MD'),
('represent', 'VB'),
('his', 'PRP$'),
('author', 'NN'),
('as', 'IN'),
('he', 'PRP'),
('is', 'VBZ'),
('not', 'RB'),
('as', 'IN'),
('he', 'PRP'),
('should', 'MD'),
('be', 'VB'),
('to', 'TO'),
('please', 'VB'),
('the', 'DT'),
('narrow', 'JJ'),
('taste', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('those', 'DT'),
('entirely', 'RB'),
('unacquainted', 'JJ'),
('with', 'IN'),
('him', 'PRP'),
('Mr.', 'NNP'),
('Pickford', 'NNP'),
('in', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('preface', 'NN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('his', 'PRP$'),
('English', 'JJ'),
('translation', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('Mahavira', 'NNP'),
('Charita', 'NNP'),
('ably', 'RB'),
('defends', 'VBZ'),
('a', 'DT'),
('close', 'JJ'),
('adherence', 'NN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('the', 'DT'),
('original', 'JJ'),
('even', 'RB'),
('at', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('sacrifice', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('idiom', 'NN'),
('and', 'CC'),
('taste', 'NN'),
('against', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('claims', 'NNS'),
('of', 'IN'),
('what', 'WDT'),
('has', 'VBZ'),
('been', 'VBN'),
('called', 'VBN'),
("'Free", 'CD'),
('Translation', 'NNP'),
('which', 'WDT'),
('means', 'VBZ'),
('dressing', 'VBG'),
('the', 'DT'),
('author', 'NN'),
('in', 'IN'),
('an', 'DT'),
('outlandish', 'JJ'),
('garb', 'NN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('please', 'VB'),
('those', 'DT'),
('to', 'TO'),
('whom', 'WP'),
('he', 'PRP'),
('is', 'VBZ'),
('introduced', 'VBN'),
('In', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('preface', 'NN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('his', 'PRP$'),
('classical', 'JJ'),
('translation', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('Bhartrihari', 'NNP'),
("'s", 'POS'),
('Niti', 'NNP'),
('Satakam', 'NNP'),
('and', 'CC'),
('Vairagya', 'NNP'),
('Satakam', 'NNP'),
('Mr.', 'NNP'),
('C.H', 'NNP'),
('Tawney', 'NNP'),
('says', 'VBZ'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('am', 'VBP'),
('sensible', 'JJ'),
('that', 'IN'),
('in', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('present', 'JJ'),
('attempt', 'NN'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('have', 'VBP'),
('retained', 'VBN'),
('much', 'JJ'),
('local', 'JJ'),
('colouring', 'NN'),
('For', 'IN'),
('instance', 'NN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('ideas', 'NNS'),
('of', 'IN'),
('worshipping', 'VBG'),
('the', 'DT'),
('feet', 'NNS'),
('of', 'IN'),
('a', 'DT'),
('god', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('great', 'JJ'),
('men', 'NNS'),
('though', 'IN'),
('it', 'PRP'),
('frequently', 'RB'),
('occurs', 'VBZ'),
('in', 'IN'),
('Indian', 'JJ'),
('literature', 'NN'),
('will', 'MD'),
('undoubtedly', 'RB'),
('move', 'VB'),
('the', 'DT'),
('laughter', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('Englishmen', 'NNP'),
('unacquainted', 'VBD'),
('with', 'IN'),
('Sanskrit', 'NNP'),
('especially', 'RB'),
('if', 'IN'),
('they', 'PRP'),
('happen', 'VBP'),
('to', 'TO'),
('belong', 'VB'),
('to', 'TO'),
('that', 'DT'),
('class', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('readers', 'NNS'),
('who', 'WP'),
('revel', 'VBP'),
('their', 'PRP$'),
('attention', 'NN'),
('on', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('accidental', 'NN'),
('and', 'CC'),
('remain', 'VBP'),
('blind', 'JJ'),
('to', 'TO'),
('the', 'DT'),
('essential', 'JJ'),
('But', 'CC'),
('a', 'DT'),
('certain', 'JJ'),
('measure', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('fidelity', 'NN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('the', 'DT'),
('original', 'JJ'),
('even', 'RB'),
('at', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('risk', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('making', 'VBG'),
('oneself', 'PRP'),
('ridiculous', 'JJ'),
('is', 'VBZ'),
('better', 'RBR'),
('than', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('studied', 'VBN'),
('dishonesty', 'NN'),
('which', 'WDT'),
('characterises', 'VBZ'),
('so', 'RB'),
('many', 'JJ'),
('translations', 'NNS'),
('of', 'IN'),
('oriental', 'JJ'),
('poets', 'NNS'),
('We', 'PRP'),
('fully', 'RB'),
('subscribe', 'VBP'),
('to', 'TO'),
('the', 'DT'),
('above', 'JJ'),
('although', 'IN'),
('it', 'PRP'),
('must', 'MD'),
('be', 'VB'),
('observed', 'VBN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('censure', 'NN'),
('conveyed', 'VBN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('the', 'DT'),
('class', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('translators', 'NNS'),
('last', 'JJ'),
('indicated', 'JJ'),
('is', 'VBZ'),
('rather', 'RB'),
('undeserved', 'JJ'),
('there', 'EX'),
('being', 'VBG'),
('nothing', 'NN'),
('like', 'IN'),
('a', 'DT'),
("'studied", 'JJ'),
('dishonesty', 'NN'),
('in', 'IN'),
('their', 'PRP$'),
('efforts', 'NNS'),
('which', 'WDT'),
('proceed', 'VBP'),
('only', 'RB'),
('from', 'IN'),
('a', 'DT'),
('mistaken', 'JJ'),
('view', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('their', 'PRP$'),
('duties', 'NNS'),
('and', 'CC'),
('as', 'IN'),
('such', 'JJ'),
('betray', 'IN'),
('only', 'RB'),
('an', 'DT'),
('error', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('head', 'NN'),
('but', 'CC'),
('not', 'RB'),
('of', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('heart', 'NN'),
('More', 'JJR'),
('than', 'IN'),
('twelve', 'CD'),
('years', 'NNS'),
('ago', 'RB'),
('when', 'WRB'),
('Babu', 'NNP'),
('Pratapa', 'NNP'),
('Chandra', 'NNP'),
('Roy', 'NNP'),
('with', 'IN'),
('Babu', 'NNP'),
('Durga', 'NNP'),
('Charan', 'NNP'),
('Banerjee', 'NNP'),
('went', 'VBD'),
('to', 'TO'),
('my', 'PRP$'),
('retreat', 'NN'),
('at', 'IN'),
('Seebpore', 'NNP'),
('for', 'IN'),
('engaging', 'VBG'),
('me', 'PRP'),
('to', 'TO'),
('translate', 'VB'),
('the', 'DT'),
('Mahabharata', 'NNP'),
('into', 'IN'),
('English', 'NNP'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('was', 'VBD'),
('amazed', 'VBN'),
('with', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('grandeur', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('scheme', 'NN'),
('My', 'PRP$'),
('first', 'JJ'),
('question', 'NN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('him', 'PRP'),
('was', 'VBD'),
('whence', 'NN'),
('was', 'VBD'),
('the', 'DT'),
('money', 'NN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('come', 'VB'),
('supposing', 'VBG'),
('my', 'PRP$'),
('competence', 'NN'),
('for', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('task', 'NN'),
('Pratapa', 'NNP'),
('then', 'RB'),
('unfolded', 'VBD'),
('to', 'TO'),
('me', 'PRP'),
('the', 'DT'),
('details', 'NNS'),
('of', 'IN'),
('his', 'PRP$'),
('plan', 'NN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('hopes', 'NNS'),
('he', 'PRP'),
('could', 'MD'),
('legitimately', 'RB'),
('cherish', 'VB'),
('of', 'IN'),
('assistance', 'NN'),
('from', 'IN'),
('different', 'JJ'),
('quarters', 'NNS'),
('He', 'PRP'),
('was', 'VBD'),
('full', 'JJ'),
('of', 'IN'),
('enthusiasm', 'NN'),
('He', 'PRP'),
('showed', 'VBD'),
('me', 'PRP'),
('Dr.', 'NNP'),
('Rost', 'NNP'),
("'s", 'POS'),
('letter', 'NN'),
('which', 'WDT'),
('he', 'PRP'),
('said', 'VBD'),
('had', 'VBD'),
('suggested', 'VBN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('him', 'PRP'),
('the', 'DT'),
('undertaking', 'NN'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('had', 'VBD'),
('known', 'VBN'),
('Babu', 'NNP'),
('Durga', 'NNP'),
('Charan', 'NNP'),
('for', 'IN'),
('many', 'JJ'),
('years', 'NNS'),
('and', 'CC'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('had', 'VBD'),
('the', 'DT'),
('highest', 'JJS'),
('opinion', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('his', 'PRP$'),
('scholarship', 'NN'),
('and', 'CC'),
('practical', 'JJ'),
('good', 'JJ'),
('sense', 'NN'),
('When', 'WRB'),
('he', 'PRP'),
('warmly', 'RB'),
('took', 'VBD'),
('Pratapa', 'NNP'),
("'s", 'POS'),
('side', 'NN'),
('for', 'IN'),
('convincing', 'VBG'),
('me', 'PRP'),
('of', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('practicability', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('scheme', 'NN'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('listened', 'VBD'),
('to', 'TO'),
('him', 'PRP'),
('patiently', 'RB'),
('The', 'DT'),
('two', 'CD'),
('were', 'VBD'),
('for', 'IN'),
('completing', 'VBG'),
('all', 'DT'),
('arrangements', 'NNS'),
('with', 'IN'),
('me', 'PRP'),
('the', 'DT'),
('very', 'RB'),
('day', 'NN'),
('To', 'TO'),
('this', 'DT'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('did', 'VBD'),
('not', 'RB'),
('agree', 'VB'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('took', 'VBD'),
('a', 'DT'),
('week', 'NN'),
("'s", 'POS'),
('time', 'NN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('consider', 'VB'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('consulted', 'VBD'),
('some', 'DT'),
('of', 'IN'),
('my', 'PRP$'),
('literary', 'JJ'),
('friends', 'NNS'),
('foremost', 'NN'),
('among', 'IN'),
('whom', 'WP'),
('was', 'VBD'),
('the', 'DT'),
('late', 'JJ'),
('lamented', 'VBD'),
('Dr.', 'NNP'),
('Sambhu', 'NNP'),
('C.', 'NNP'),
('Mookherjee', 'NNP'),
('The', 'DT'),
('latter', 'NN'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('found', 'VBD'),
('had', 'VBD'),
('been', 'VBN'),
('waited', 'VBN'),
('upon', 'IN'),
('by', 'IN'),
('Pratapa', 'NNP'),
('Dr.', 'NNP'),
('Mookherjee', 'NNP'),
('spoke', 'VBD'),
('to', 'TO'),
('me', 'PRP'),
('of', 'IN'),
('Pratapa', 'NNP'),
('as', 'IN'),
('a', 'DT'),
('man', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('indomitable', 'JJ'),
('energy', 'NN'),
('and', 'CC'),
('perseverance', 'NN'),
('The', 'DT'),
('result', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('my', 'PRP$'),
('conference', 'NN'),
('with', 'IN'),
('Dr.', 'NNP'),
('Mookherjee', 'NNP'),
('was', 'VBD'),
('that', 'IN'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('wrote', 'VBD'),
('to', 'TO'),
('Pratapa', 'NNP'),
('asking', 'VBG'),
('him', 'PRP'),
('to', 'TO'),
('see', 'VB'),
('me', 'PRP'),
('again', 'RB'),
('In', 'IN'),
('this', 'DT'),
('second', 'JJ'),
('interview', 'NN'),
('estimates', 'NNS'),
('were', 'VBD'),
('drawn', 'VBN'),
('up', 'RP'),
('and', 'CC'),
('everything', 'NN'),
('was', 'VBD'),
('arranged', 'VBN'),
('as', 'RB'),
('far', 'RB'),
('as', 'IN'),
('my', 'PRP$'),
('portion', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('work', 'NN'),
('was', 'VBD'),
('concerned', 'VBN'),
('My', 'PRP$'),
('friend', 'NN'),
('left', 'VBD'),
('with', 'IN'),
('me', 'PRP'),
('a', 'DT'),
('specimen', 'NNS'),
('of', 'IN'),
('translation', 'NN'),
('which', 'WDT'),
('he', 'PRP'),
('had', 'VBD'),
('received', 'VBN'),
('from', 'IN'),
('Professor', 'NNP'),
('Max', 'NNP'),
('Muller', 'NNP'),
('This', 'DT'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('began', 'VBD'),
('to', 'TO'),
('study', 'VB'),
('carefully', 'RB'),
('comparing', 'VBG'),
('it', 'PRP'),
('sentence', 'NN'),
('by', 'IN'),
('sentence', 'NN'),
('with', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('original', 'JJ'),
('About', 'IN'),
('its', 'PRP$'),
('literal', 'JJ'),
('character', 'NN'),
('there', 'EX'),
('could', 'MD'),
('be', 'VB'),
('no', 'DT'),
('doubt', 'NN'),
('but', 'CC'),
('it', 'PRP'),
('had', 'VBD'),
('no', 'DT'),
('flow', 'NN'),
('and', 'CC'),
('therefore', 'RB'),
('could', 'MD'),
('not', 'RB'),
('be', 'VB'),
('perused', 'VBN'),
('with', 'IN'),
('pleasure', 'NN'),
('by', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('general', 'JJ'),
('reader', 'NN'),
('The', 'DT'),
('translation', 'NN'),
('had', 'VBD'),
('been', 'VBN'),
('executed', 'VBN'),
('thirty', 'CD'),
('years', 'NNS'),
('ago', 'RB'),
('by', 'IN'),
('a', 'DT'),
('young', 'JJ'),
('German', 'JJ'),
('friend', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('great', 'JJ'),
('Pundit', 'NNP'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('had', 'VBD'),
('to', 'TO'),
('touch', 'VB'),
('up', 'RP'),
('every', 'DT'),
('sentence', 'NN'),
('This', 'DT'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('did', 'VBD'),
('without', 'IN'),
('at', 'IN'),
('all', 'DT'),
('impairing', 'VBG'),
('faithfulness', 'NN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('the', 'DT'),
('original', 'JJ'),
('My', 'PRP$'),
('first', 'JJ'),
("'copy", 'POS'),
("'", 'POS'),
('was', 'VBD'),
('set', 'VBN'),
('up', 'RP'),
('in', 'IN'),
('type', 'NN'),
('and', 'CC'),
('a', 'DT'),
('dozen', 'NN'),
('sheets', 'NNS'),
('were', 'VBD'),
('struck', 'VBN'),
('off', 'RP'),
('These', 'DT'),
('were', 'VBD'),
('submitted', 'VBN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('the', 'DT'),
('judgment', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('a', 'DT'),
('number', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('eminent', 'JJ'),
('writers', 'NNS'),
('European', 'JJ'),
('and', 'CC'),
('native', 'JJ'),
('All', 'DT'),
('of', 'IN'),
('them', 'PRP'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('was', 'VBD'),
('glad', 'JJ'),
('to', 'TO'),
('see', 'VB'),
('approved', 'VBN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('specimen', 'NNS'),
('and', 'CC'),
('then', 'RB'),
('the', 'DT'),
('task', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('translating', 'VBG'),
('the', 'DT'),
('Mahabharata', 'NNP'),
('into', 'IN'),
('English', 'NNP'),
('seriously', 'RB'),
('began', 'VBD'),
('Before', 'IN'),
('however', 'RB'),
('the', 'DT'),
('first', 'JJ'),
('fasciculus', 'NN'),
('could', 'MD'),
('be', 'VB'),
('issued', 'VBN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('question', 'NN'),
('as', 'IN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('whether', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('authorship', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('translation', 'NN'),
('should', 'MD'),
('be', 'VB'),
('publicly', 'RB'),
('owned', 'VBN'),
('arose', 'RB'),
('Babu', 'NNP'),
('Pratapa', 'NNP'),
('Chandra', 'NNP'),
('Roy', 'NNP'),
('was', 'VBD'),
('against', 'IN'),
('anonymity', 'NN'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('was', 'VBD'),
('for', 'IN'),
('it', 'PRP'),
('The', 'DT'),
('reasons', 'NNS'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('adduced', 'VBD'),
('were', 'VBD'),
('chiefly', 'NNS'),
('founded', 'VBN'),
('upon', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('impossibility', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('one', 'CD'),
('person', 'NN'),
('translating', 'VBG'),
('the', 'DT'),
('whole', 'NN'),
('of', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('gigantic', 'JJ'),
('work', 'NN'),
('Notwithstanding', 'VBG'),
('my', 'PRP$'),
('resolve', 'NN'),
('to', 'TO'),
('discharge', 'VB'),
('to', 'TO'),
('the', 'DT'),
('fullest', 'JJS'),
('extent', 'NN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('duty', 'NN'),
('that', 'IN'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('took', 'VBD'),
('up', 'RP'),
('I', 'PRP'),
('might', 'MD'),
('not', 'RB'),
('live', 'VB'),
('to', 'TO'),
('carry', 'VB'),
('it', 'PRP'),
('out', 'RP'),
('It', 'PRP'),
('would', 'MD'),
('take', 'VB'),
('many', 'JJ'),
('years', 'NNS'),
('before', 'IN'),
('the', 'DT'),
('end', 'NN'),
('could', 'MD'),
('be', 'VB'),
('reached', 'VBN'),
('Other', 'JJ'),
('circumstances', 'NNS'),
('than', 'IN'),
('death', 'NN'),
('might', 'MD'),
...]nltk.download('brown')
blob.noun_phrasesBuilding a Text Classification System
The textblob.classifiers module makes it simple to create custom classifiers.
As an example, let’s create a custom sentiment analyzer.